隨著氣候變遷與永續發展議題於全球範疇中日益受到重視，具高度資源依賴與碳排放特徵之食品產業，亦面臨結構性轉型與永續調適之壓力。同時，近年來頻繁爆發的食品安全事件不僅衝擊消費者之信任，也對企業的財務穩定與市場聲譽造成重大的影響。因此，如何在提升食品安全管理的同時落實ESG（環境、社會與公司治理）策略，並兼顧營運績效，成為當前食品企業的關鍵挑戰。
本研究以臺灣26家食品加工產業的上市（櫃）公司作為研究對象，分析2020年至2023年間之經營數據，並採用「動態三階段並行資料包絡分析法（Dynamic Three-Stage Parallel SBM DEA）」建立效率評估模型。模型共分為三個階段，分別為生產階段、ESG執行階段（涵蓋環境治理與社會/公司治理）與財務表現階段，並將「通過食品安全檢測之產品件數」納為外生變數，作為企業食品安全管理成效之衡量指標。
實證結果顯示，整體產業平均效率僅為0.6491，表現尚未穩定，顯示多數企業於資源整合及永續轉型方面仍具提升之空間。其中，大成、統一、聯華與興泰等企業連年維持效率滿分，顯示其在永續治理與財務績效上具有高度協調性。Great Wall與Fresh Delight等企業近年來的表現呈現逐漸改善的趨勢，顯示其於永續發展上之投入已逐漸轉化為實際的經營成效。此外，通過較多食品安全驗證的企業普遍於市值及股價穩定性方面表現較佳，顯示食品安全為連結ESG與市場價值的重要關鍵。
有別於以往多數採用迴歸法的研究取向，本研究運用動態DEA方法，建構一套結合ESG執行與營運效率的整合分析架構。本研究之成果不僅可作為企業評估永續投入與資源配置的決策依據，亦能協助政策制定者於推動食品產業永續發展、設計監管機制及資源扶植政策時，提供更具有參考性的實證基礎。最終，期盼本研究能為臺灣食品產業在面對環境變遷與社會期待之挑戰下，提供一條更具韌性與市場競爭力之轉型方向。

As global climate change and sustainable development goals receive increasing attention, the food industry, characterized by high resource dependency and significant carbon emissions, faces immense pressure for structural transformation. Concurrently, the frequent occurrence of food safety incidents has not only compromised consumer trust but also severely impacted corporate financial stability and market reputation. Therefore, identifying strategies to enhance food safety management and ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) implementation while maintaining operational performance has become a critical challenge for contemporary food enterprises.

This study analyzes 26 publicly listed food processing companies in Taiwan using operational data from 2020 to 2023. A comprehensive performance evaluation model was constructed utilizing the Dynamic Three-Stage Parallel SBM DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) approach. The model systematically evaluates efficiency across three interconnected stages: the Production Stage, the ESG Execution Stage (comprising parallel processes for Environmental and Social/Corporate Governance), and the Financial Performance Stage. To reflect industry-specific risks, the number of products passing food safety testing is incorporated as an exogenous variable, serving as a key metric for corporate food safety management effectiveness.

The empirical results reveal that the overall industry average efficiency stands at 0.6491, indicating that most enterprises still have significant room for improvement in resource integration and sustainable transition. Notably, industry leaders such as Great Wall Enterprise, Uni-President, Lian Hwa, and Shing Tai consistently achieved perfect efficiency scores, demonstrating superior coordination between sustainability governance and financial returns. Firms like Hon Chuan and Fresh Juice showed a positive trend of gradual improvement, suggesting that their sustainability investments are increasingly yielding tangible operational benefits. Furthermore, the findings indicate that companies with superior food safety records generally exhibit higher market value and stock price stability, highlighting food safety as a pivotal link between ESG practices and market valuation.

Distinct from traditional studies that rely on regression analysis, this research provides an integrated analytical framework that bridges ESG execution with operational efficiency through dynamic DEA. These results offer a valuable decision-making basis for enterprises to optimize resource allocation and for policymakers to design more effective regulatory mechanisms and support policies for the food industry.

Ultimately, this study proposes a resilient and competitive transformation path for Taiwan’s food industry to address environmental challenges and social expectations.

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