本研究以重量百分為30~33%的氨水進行PEDOT:PSS酸性中和及結合全無機鈣鈦礦材料來應用於電致發光二極體元件，達元件效率優化。由於全無機鈣鈦礦CsPbBr3本身成膜均勻性不佳，容易造成表面及界面缺陷產生而增加載子非輻射結合，降低了光致發光強度；此外，PEDOT:PSS作電洞傳輸層時，由於其本質為酸性而容易造成旋塗過程中與ITO內的In2O3於界面處反應而降解，使In3+進入PEDOT:PSS，增加了載子注入發光層能障而降低元件效率。本研究採取以不同比例氨水添加PEDOT:PSS來達酸性中和，添加氨水比例為0~14.3%時，其PEDOT:PSS仍為酸性環境，而添加氨水比例為25%、50%時其PEDOT:PSS為鹼性環境，在酸性環境及鹼性環境下之PEDOT:PSS溶液成膜現像並不同，而該現象也影響了CsPbBr3成膜均勻性及結晶性，本研究以XPS、AFM、XRD、TRPL及螢光光譜來探討其材料機制。可知在酸性環境時其PEDOT:PSS薄膜表面特性影響主要是由於A_(〖SO〗_3 H)/A_(〖SO〗_3^- )比例的下降所造成其特性的改變，而在鹼性環境時其PEDOT:PSS薄膜表面特性影響主要是由於APEDOT/APSS比例的增加所造成其特性改變。
TRPL量測發現PEDOT:PSS未添加氨水時，其所形成之鈣鈦礦薄膜缺陷載子比例最高，達53.5%，代表薄膜缺陷最高，如此也降低了自由載子結合比例使得光致放光強度不佳，而添加氨水後可發現其所形成的鈣鈦礦薄膜缺陷載子結合比例明顯降低，代表薄膜缺陷的下降，在比例為14.3%時其自由載子生命週期最短(τ2 = 11.595ns)，代表較容易再結合形成光子，其原因是由於CsPbBr3成膜於不同比例氨水改質的PEDOT:PSS薄膜時會造成薄膜晶相的改變，使I(100)/I(110)強度比例最大，造成載子不易經由三維(110)傳輸，增加了載子於能帶間再結合，增強了光致發光強度;而當氨水比例為50%時其I(100)/I(110)強度比例最小，造成載子易經由三維(110)傳輸，使自由載子比例最大及載子生命週期最長(τ2 = 14.232ns)，增加了非輻射比例而降低放光強度。
於元件端本研究目的是藉由傳輸層PEDOT:PSS添加不同比例氨水來提升元件效率，而最終元件亮度可從2540Cd/m2優化至14025Cd/m2，提升了5.5倍，在電流效率及EQE皆從1.61Cd/A及0.45%優化至4.17Cd/A及1.16%，提升了2.6倍。代表本實驗使用氨水改質PEDOT:PSS能夠明顯提升元件表現，其原因是由於PEDOT:PSS經氨水的改質不僅可以降低電洞注入能障，還可以增益鈣鈦礦薄膜均勻性及結晶性，除了增加載子注入發光層以外，也增益了發光層載子結合能力，達元件最佳化結果。

In this study, we used a facile method to modify PEDOT:PSS with ammonium hydroxide 30~33wt% and then used as hole transport layer to apply for CsPbBr3 perovskite light-emitting diodes. However, there were some drawbacks which lead to the low efficiency of CsPbBr3 PeLED device as follows : (a) poor film formation and crystallization of CsPbBr3 perovskite which caused to the poor film coverage, serious defect traps and increased non-radiative recombination centers, (b) increasing hole injection barrier to active layer and (c) the PEDOT:PSS acidity leading to the degradation of the interface between the PEDOT:PSS and ITO layer. As a result, we treated PEDOT:PSS with ammonia to neturalize the hydrogen ions and we observed that it not only affected the film properties of PEDOT:PSS from under acidic to alkaline condition but also changed the morphology and crystallization of CsPbBr3 perovskite film and then influenced the performance of PeLED devices. And, the purpose of this study was improving the PeLED performance with preferable volume ratio of ammonia treated PEDOT:PSS.

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