手功能是人類特有而重要的肢體功能，日常生活中雙手能操持各種工具以完成各式各樣的複雜工作。其中手腕負責手部擺位，並傳遞肌腱收縮力量到各手指。手指再互相分工協調作出精細的動作，以完成任務。而大拇指能對掌與其他手指相向，以抓握物體與工具，又更形重要。

疼痛手腕在臨床上的定位需要精確的運動學分析；而拇指在開罐時的施力又常導致受傷。兩者的生物力學探討，有助於建立有用的相關功能指標。故本研究利用軟式電子量角器，紀錄分析疼痛手腕的環繞動作，以探討不同受傷手腕的運動學特性。又利用新開發之開罐模擬器，結合動作分析系統，紀錄分析姆指在開罐動作之力學表現，並探討拇指與其他手指的協調比例，及不同性別間的關節受力差異。這些研究旨在對這些較複雜的動作，量測分析出更精準的科學實證。

本論文研究結果可協助臨床定位追蹤手腕損傷後的復原情形，而拇指在開罐的力學分析則有助於探索更新的人體工學資訊。兩者均已供作臨床醫療之應用，而所建立的研究分析模式與實証數據，都將貢獻於生物力學研究法在醫學工程上的進一步發揮與實際運用。

Hand function is a very important function in human beings. People manipulate tools and objects to complete the tasks in every daily activity by hands. An intact hand function results from the pre-positioning of the hand and the in-hand manipulation among the digits. The wrist and thumb here perform particular roles in hand function.

For a long time, the development of objective and accurate measurement of wrist and hand function is required for both clinical and research purposes. The essential kinematics and kinetics are usually measured as the basic functional components for human motion. The turning tasks tend to challenge people and even threat to acquire injury. It is necessary to inquiry the ergonomic correlation in the task and cumulated trauma disorders. The biomechanical analysis of the hand and wrist in turning activity can provide functional indication for diagnostic information and intervention reference as well as prevention guidance

This dissertation driven by clinical need and ergonomic interest to focus on wrist kinematics and thumb kinetics leads three studies for biomechanical analysis. This dissertation presents four biomechanical studies. The first study aimed to adopt a flexible electrogoniometer to measure the loci of the wrist circumduction and mark the pain points or ranges of the injury site. Besides, thestudy also attempted to build up the parameters as functional index in wrist. The other studies adopted a newly designed apparatus to simultaneously measure the force and torque of the thumb and the entire hand during a jar-opening task. The second study compared the kinetics of the thumb in two types of lid grip and under two different jar-holding positions. The force, torque and torque contribution of the thumb in jar opening in various situations then were analyzed. The third study used the device to investigate the joint load applied by the thumb during jar opening between genders. The last study compared the kinetic contribution of the thumb and fingers in jar opening. The kinetic contribution of all five digits on their locations on the jar lid was clearly plotted and discussed to compare in different grasp patterns and jar positions.

The findings of these studies can provide the evidenced base for the clinician to trace the progress of the injured wrist and provide suggestions for injury prevention. The kinematical measurement for the painful wrists by a portable flexible electrogoniometer helps the clinician to precisely mark the pain points during wrist motion. The methods contribute to follow up the patients’ recovery by a quantified index and clear locations. In addition, to discover the kinetics of the thumb and digits interaction in jar turning can calculate out their torque contribution and configuration correlation. The data provide a reference base to understand the thumb’s stress burden in such twisting job and make the clinicians contemplate how to reinforce the hand function or prosthesis design or even surgery consideration in the future. Moreover, we may learn the lessons from the results to prevent from the cumulated trauma disorders.

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