隨著資訊科技公司公開且自願地合作，並透過技術的相互操作以實現最佳效率，標準制定組織所扮演的角色日趨重要。然而，技術標準對專利使用費以及產品競爭有著長遠的影響，互為競爭對手的公司是如何對技術標準達成共識則尚未釐清。本文使用從3G到5G世代的通訊規格綜合數據集，將資源依存理論應用至具有後設組織環境且是國際中最主要的移動通訊標準制定組織—第三代合作夥伴計畫（3rd Generation Partnership Project, 3GPP）。為此，本文透過將資源依存理論應用至網絡層級來創新該理論，認為源自企業嵌入於協作網絡的社會資本能夠創造企業間的相互依存，進而協助企業在未來的標準制定活動中持續的吸引合作夥伴。然而，當企業在網絡中的中心度達到一定門檻後，可能會被其他公司視為一種權力的不平衡而認為受到威脅，而減少未來與該企業的合作。本文除了延伸資源依存理論，還提供了預測哪些公司最有可能隨著時間的推移來進行迭代合作和領導技術標準制定的見解，以及競爭對手公司可能的反應。

Standard-setting organizations are increasingly important venues where information technology firms openly and voluntarily collaborate to achieve optimal efficiencies through technical interoperability. However, it is unclear how rival firms come to consensus over technical standards which have long-term consequences on patent royalties and product competition. Using a comprehensive dataset of telecommunications specifications from the 3G to 5G eras, this paper applies resource dependence theories to the meta-organizational environment of 3GPP, the primary international mobile telecommunications standard-setting organization. To do so, it innovates on resource dependence theory by applying it to the network level, arguing that social capital, derived from firms’ embeddedness in collaborative networks, creates mutual dependencies that assist firms to continuously attract collaborative partners in future rounds of standard-setting. However, at a certain threshold, firms that achieve high network centrality are perceived by their peers to threaten a power imbalance, thus reducing future collaborations. In addition to advancing resource dependence theory, the paper offers insights into predicting which firms are most likely to iteratively collaborate and lead on technical standard-setting over time, and the likely reactions of rival firms.

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