物聯網(Internet of Things, IoT)的應用使花卉配送過程中的貨品資訊更加容易監控，然而中心化資訊控管使物流資訊暴露於資安風險中，花卉供應鏈繁瑣的交易流程浪費時間與人力等成本，可追溯性低的缺點更使交易糾紛難以調解。本研究提出將智能合約(Smart Contract)與IoT感測器結合的新型供應鏈架構，而整合金流與資訊流的區塊鏈(Blockchain)應用將賦予花卉供應鏈更高的可追溯性。鑒於過去研究提出的智能合約架構仍仰賴傳統銀行的交易方法，本研究透過智能合約的設計來定義花卉供應鏈的運作邏輯，使得供應商、物流業者與零售商可使用乙太幣(Ether)在合約中的進行交易，除了供應商能使用合約函數輸入貨品資訊與配送條件外，配送過程中，物流業者與零售商更可使用函數回報貨品狀態，而當配送途中貨品狀態出現異常或有意外發生，合約將立即中止並退貨，保護買賣雙方的權益。為提供過去研究鮮少討論的成本分析，本研究根據機率設定模擬20種可能的情境，並且分析合約成本表現。多次模擬實驗的結果顯示，大部分情境中的合約成本(gas cost)受到配送期間發生的異常(error)或違反配送條件的違規(violation)事件影響，且違規發生率提高將使得成本提高，此外，部分合約函數的執行成本會因為情境不同而改變。

The centralized data control of the application of Internet of things (IoT) exposes logistics information to the risk of information security. In addition, the traditional transaction process of floral supply chain involves exchanging information back and forth, which wastes time and personnel cost. This study proposes a blockchain-based floral supply chain architecture that combines smart contract with IoT sensors and integrates money flow and information flow to improve the traceability. The proposed smart contract is designed based on the operational logic of the proposed supply chain structure, enabling suppliers, distributors, and retailers to transact using Ether within the contract. The supplier can utilize contract functions to input goods information and delivery conditions, furthermore, during the delivery process, both distributors and retailers can also use functions to report the status of the goods. When the error, violation or accident occurs in the process of delivery, the contract would be aborted to protect the rights of buyers and sellers. To provide a less frequently discussed cost analysis, this study simulated 20 potential scenarios based on the specified probability settings. The results showed that the gas cost of most scenarios was influent by the occurrence of error or violation events, the higher probability of violations the higher the total cost of contract. Moreover, the execution cost of some functions was varied by the difference of scenarios. How to grasp the changes of contract cost will become an important consideration for related industries to consider introducing blockchain into the floral supply chain.

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