本研究以2016年至2022年的台灣上市櫃公司為研究對象，並採用第三屆至第九屆之公司治理評鑑等級進行研究，旨在探討企業的偏離程度是如何影響公司所進行的租稅規劃，以及公司治理的加入是如何改變策略偏離與避稅的關聯。實證結果顯示，企業的策略偏離程度愈高其長期現金有效稅率會降低且財稅差異增加。此外，部分證據顯示，公司治理程度會影響策略偏離與企業避稅的關聯。若企業有較佳的公司治理策略偏離，會使得企業的現金有效稅率降低且使財稅差異再更擴大，使企業更傾向進行避稅活動。

This study focuses on Taiwanese listed companies from 2016 to 2022 and utilize the corporate governance evaluation from the third to the ninth evaluations, aiming to explore how strategic deviation influences tax planning and how the inclusion of corporate governance alters the relationship between strategic deviation and tax avoidance. The empirical results show that higher levels of strategic deviation lead to a decrease in the long-term cash effective tax rate and an increase in tax-book differences. Additionally, we provide partial evidence that the level of corporate governance affects the relationship between strategic deviation and corporate tax avoidance. For firms with better corporate governance, strategic deviation tends to result in a lower cash effective tax rate and further widening of tax-book differences, making companies more inclined towards tax avoidance activities.

陳明進, & 蔡麗雯. (2006). 財稅所得差異決定因素及課稅所得推估之研究. 管理學報, 23(6), 739-763.
邱素津, 邱英祧, & 趙可南. (2007). 公司治理對營運資金影響之研究-以高科技產業爲例. 華人經濟研究, 5(2), 71-81.
林俊傑、劉梧柏、黃華瑋（2018）。公司治理評鑑與財務績效及公司價值之關聯性探討：以台灣上市櫃企業公司治理評鑑為例。商略學報，10(1)，23-46。
龔邑達、魏乃捷、林明宏（2021）。公司治理評鑑對資訊不對稱與經營績效之影響－以台灣高科技產業上市櫃公司為例。政策與人力管理，12(1)，31-50。
Armstrong, C. S., Blouin, J. L., & Larcker, D. F. (2012). The incentives for tax planning. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 53(1-2), 391-411.
Armstrong, C. S., Blouin, J. L., Jagolinzer, A. D., & Larcker, D. F. (2015). Corporate governance, incentives, and tax avoidance. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 60(1), 1-17.
Bradshaw, M., Liao, G., & Ma, M. (2016). Ownership structure and tax avoidance: Evidence from agency costs of state ownership in China. SSRN Electronic Journal.
Carpenter, M. A. (2000). The price of change: The role of CEO compensation in strategic variation and deviation from industry strategy norms. Journal of Management, 26(6), 1179-1198.
Castañer, X., & Kavadis, N. (2013). Does good governance prevent bad strategy? A study of corporate governance, financial diversification, and value creation by French corporations, 2000–2006. Strategic Management Journal, 34(7), 863-876.
Chen, S., Chen, X., Cheng, Q., & Shevlin, T. (2010). Are family firms more tax aggressive than non-family firms?. Journal of Financial Economics, 95(1), 41-61.
Dong, X., Chan, K. C., Cui, Y., & Guan, J. X. (2021). Strategic deviance and cash holdings. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 48(3-4), 742-782.
Drew, S. A., Kelley, P. C., & Kendrick, T. (2006). CLASS: Five elements of corporate governance to manage strategic risk. Business Horizons, 49(2), 127-138.
Dyreng, S. D., Hanlon, M., & Maydew, E. L. (2008). Long‐run corporate tax avoidance. The Accounting Review, 83(1), 61-82.
Dyreng, S. D., Hanlon, M., & Maydew, E. L. (2019). When does tax avoidance result in tax uncertainty?. The Accounting Review, 94(2), 179-203.
Geletkanycz, M. A., & Hambrick, D. C. (1997). The external ties of top executives: Implications for strategic choice and performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 654-681.
Goh, B. W., Lee, J., Lim, C. Y., & Shevlin, T. (2016). The effect of corporate tax avoidance on the cost of equity. The Accounting Review, 91(6), 1647-1670.
Graham, J. R., & Tucker, A. L. (2006). Tax shelters and corporate debt policy. Journal of Financial Economics, 81(3), 563-594.
Gupta, S., & Newberry, K. (1997). Determinants of the variability in corporate effective tax rates: Evidence from longitudinal data. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 16(1), 1-34.
Habib, A., Ranasinghe, D., & Perera, A. Strategic Deviation and Corporate Tax Avoidance. Available at SSRN 4402293.
Habib, A., Ranasinghe, D., & Perera, A. (2023). Business strategy and strategic deviation in accounting, finance, and corporate governance: A review of the empirical literature. Accounting & Finance.
Hanlon, M., Mills, L. F., & Slemrod, J. B. (2005). An empirical examination of corporate tax noncompliance. Ross School of Business Paper, (1025).
Hanlon, M., & Heitzman, S. (2010). A review of tax research. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 50(2-3), 127-178.
Haynes, K. T., & Hillman, A. (2010). The effect of board capital and CEO power on strategic change. Strategic Management Journal, 31(11), 1145-1163.
Higgins, D., Omer, T. C., & Phillips, J. D. (2015). The influence of a firm's business strategy on its tax aggressiveness. Contemporary Accounting Research, 32(2), 674-702.
Khurana, I. K., & Moser, W. J. (2013). Institutional shareholders' investment horizons and tax avoidance. The Journal of the American Taxation Association, 35(1), 111-134.
Kong, X., Jiang, F., & Liu, X. (2021). Strategic deviance, diversification and enterprise resilience in the context of COVID-19: Heterogeneous effect of managerial power. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 57(6), 1547-1565.
Kovermann, J., & Velte, P. (2019). The impact of corporate governance on corporate tax avoidance—A literature review. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 36, 100270.
Lanis, R., & Richardson, G. (2015). Is corporate social responsibility performance associated with tax avoidance?. Journal of Business Ethics, 127, 439-457.
McGuire, S. T., Omer, T. C., & Wang, D. (2012). Tax avoidance: Does tax-specific industry expertise make a difference? The Accounting Review, 87(3), 975-1003.
Miles, R. E., Snow, C. C., Meyer, A. D., & Coleman Jr, H. J. (1978). Organizational strategy, structure, and process. Academy of Management Review, 3(3), 546-562.
Minnick, K., & Noga, T. (2010). Do corporate governance characteristics influence tax management? Journal of Corporate Finance, 16(5), 703-718.
Mintzberg, H. (1978). Patterns in strategy formation. Management Science, 24(9), 934-948.
Park, W. (2022). Effect of strategic deviation on corporate value, future performance and performance persistence. Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, 13(4), 397-407.
Ranasinghe, D., & Habib, A. (2023). Strategic deviation and investment inefficiency. Australian Journal of Management, 03128962231152764.
Rego, S. O., & Wilson, R. (2012). Equity risk incentives and corporate tax aggressiveness. Journal of Accounting Research, 50(3), 775-810.
Stickney, C. P., & McGee, V. E. (1982). Effective corporate tax rates the effect of size, capital intensity, leverage, and other factors. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 1(2), 125-152.
Wahyuni, L., Fahada, R., & Atmaja, B. (2019). The effect of business strategy, leverage, profitability and sales growth on tax avoidance. Indonesian Management and Accounting Research, 16(2), 66-80.
Wang, R. (2018). Strategic deviance and accounting conservatism. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 8(05), 1197.
Wilson, R. J. (2009). An examination of corporate tax shelter participants. The Accounting Review, 84(3), 969-999.
Ye, Z., Shahab, Y., Riaz, Y., & Ntim, C. G. (2023). Strategic deviation and the cost of debt financing. Economic Modelling, 125, 106371.