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研究生： 黃弘昇
Huang, Hong-Sheng
論文名稱： 整合風能、燃料電池、微渦輪發電系統之直流微電網饋入多機系統的穩定度分析
Stability Analysis of a DC Microgrid Integrating Wind, Fuel Cell, and Microturbine Power-Generation Systems Fed to Multi-machine Systems
指導教授： 王醴
Wang, Li
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年： 2021
畢業學年度： 109
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 231
中文關鍵詞： 直流微電網 、混合式儲能 、多機電力系統 、經濟分析 、穩定度
外文關鍵詞： dc microgrid, hybrid energy-storage system, multi-machine power system, economic analysis, stability
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    • 本論文提出以不同再生能源發電系統及相異儲能系統所組成之直流微電網併入千瓦及兆瓦等級多機系統之穩定度及經濟分析。該直流微電網是由風力發電機、燃料電池、微渦輪發電機、全釩氧化還原液流電池、超級電容器、雙向直流對直流轉換器以及雙向直流對交流換流器所組成，其中以超級電容器和全釩氧化還原液流電池為基礎之儲能設備經由雙向直流對直流轉換器連接至直流微電網，且多機系統透過雙向直流對交流轉換器與直流微電網連接。文中透過經濟分析來評估其整體系統之可行性，文內亦建立所研究再生能源發電系統整合儲能系統之模型，並在不同工作條件下進行直流微電網併入多機系統之穩態、動態及暫態分析，以評估直流微電網在電力平滑及穩定度方面的特性。

    This thesis presents both stability and economic analysis of a DC microgrid (MG) composed of different renewable-energy power-generation systems (REPGS) and hybrid energy-storage systems (HESS) fed to kilowatt and megawatt multi-machine systems. The studied DC MG is composed of a wind generator, a fuel cell, a microturbine generator, a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB), a supercapacitor (SC), a bidirectional DC-DC converter, and a bidirectional DC-AC inverter. Through bidirectional DC-DC converter, the HESS that is based on SC and VRB connects to the DC MG, while the multi-machine systems are connected to the DC MG through bidirectional DC-AC inverters. The thesis evaluates the feasibility of the studied DC MG using economic analysis while the mathematical models of the studied DC MG with the REPGS integrated with the ESS are established. The steady-state, dynamic, and transient responses of the studied DC MG fed to multimachine systems under different operating conditions are performed to evaluate the smoothness and stability of the studied DC MG.

    摘要 I SUMMARY II 致謝 IX 目錄 X 表目錄 XVI 圖目錄 XXII 符號說明 XXIX 第一章 緒論 1 1-1 研究動機 1 1-2 相關文獻回顧 3 1-3 本論文貢獻 8 1-4 研究內容概述 8 第二章 研究系統之架構與數學模型 10 2-1 前言 10 2-2 風力發電系統 17 2-2-1風渦輪機 17 2-2-2旋角控制器之數學模型 18 2-2-3質量-彈簧-阻尼器系統之數學模型 19 2-2-4永磁同步發電機之數學模型 21 2-2-5電壓源轉換器之數學模型 24 2-3 固態氧化物燃料電池之數學模型 25 2-4 微渦輪機之數學模型 28 2-4-1壓縮機數學模型 29 2-4-2燃燒室數學模型 30 2-4-3渦輪機數學模型 31 2-4-4永磁發電機模型 31 2-5 混合式儲能設備模型 32 2-5-1超級電容器之數學模型 33 2-5-2全釩氧化還原液流電池之數學模型 34 2-5-3雙向直流對直流轉換器之數學模型 39 2-6 直流負載轉換器之數學模型 41 2-7 直流對交流電壓源換流器之數學模型 43 2-8 多機系統模型 45 2-8-1同步發電機及同步調相機之數學模型 47 2-8-2激磁系統之數學模型 49 2-8-3渦輪機轉矩與調速機模型 50 2-8-3-1渦輪機轉矩之數學模型 50 2-8-3-2調速機之數學模型 52 2-8-4負載與傳輸線網路之數學模型 52 第三章 經濟分析 55 3-1 前言 55 3-2 經濟評估的方法 56 3-2-1能量成本(cost of energy, COE) 56 3-2-2簡易回收年限(simple payback period, SPP) 56 3-2-3現金折流法(Discounted cash flow, DCF) 57 3-2-4經濟益本比(Benefit-cost ratio, B/C ratio) 57 3-2-5淨現值(Net present value, NPV) 57 3-3 RETscreen Expert 58 3-4 經濟分析結果 67 第四章 穩態與小訊號穩定度分析 72 4-1 前言 72 4-2 特徵值求得方法 72 4-3 研究系統架構之特徵值分析 75 4-3-1研究系統架構一：系統加入混合式儲能系統前後之特徵值比較分析 75 4-3-2超前落後阻尼控制器設計方法 77 4-3-3研究系統架構二：系統加入混合儲能以及超前落後阻尼控制器前後之特徵值比較分析 78 4-3-4研究系統架構三：系統加入混合儲能以及超前落後阻尼控制器前後之特徵值比較分析 82 4-3-5研究系統架構四：系統加入混合儲能以及超前落後阻尼控制器前後之特徵值比較分析 88 4-4 研究系統架構之穩態分析 94 4-4-1研究系統架構一：系統變動直流負載之特徵值分析 94 4-4-2研究系統架構一：系統變動風速之特徵值分析 98 4-4-3研究系統架構一：系統變動燃料電池發電廠燃料利用流率之特徵值分析 101 4-4-4研究系統架構一：系統變動微渦輪機發電廠燃料輸入流率之特徵值分析 104 4-4-5研究系統架構二：系統變動直流負載之特徵值分析 107 4-4-6研究系統架構二：系統變動風速之特徵值分析 112 4-4-7研究系統架構二：系統變動燃料電池發電廠燃料利用率之特徵值分析 118 4-4-8研究系統架構二：系統變動微渦輪機發電廠燃料輸入流率之特徵值分析 123 4-4-9研究系統架構三：系統變動直流負載之特徵值分析 128 4-4-10研究系統架構三：系統變動風速之特徵值分析 134 4-4-11研究系統架構三：系統變動燃料電池發電廠燃料利用率之特徵值分析 140 4-4-12研究系統架構三：系統變動微渦輪機發電廠燃料輸入流率之特徵值分析 145 4-4-13研究系統架構四：系統變動直流負載之特徵值分析 150 4-4-14研究系統架構四：系統變動風場風速之特徵值分析 156 4-4-15研究系統架構四：系統變動燃料電池發電廠燃料利用流率之特徵值分析 162 4-4-16研究系統架構四：系統變動微渦輪機發電廠燃料輸入流率之特徵值分析 167 第五章 動態與暫態分析 172 5-1 前言 172 5-2 動態分析 172 5-2-1系統架構一模擬風速之動態分析 172 5-2-2系統架構二模擬風速之動態分析 176 5-2-3系統架構三模擬風速之動態分析 180 5-2-4系統架構四模擬風速之動態分析 184 5-2-5系統架構一變動混合式儲能系統容量模擬風速之動態分析 188 5-2-6系統架構二至架構四加入超前落後阻尼控制器模擬風速之動態分析 190 5-3 暫態分析 194 5-3-1系統架構一風場跳脫 194 5-3-2系統架構二風場跳脫 198 5-3-3系統架構三風場跳脫 202 5-3-4系統架構四風場跳脫 206 5-3-5系統架構一變動混合式儲能系統容量發生風場跳脫 210 第六章 結論與未來研究方向 212 6-1 結論 212 6-2 未來方向 214 參考文獻 215 附錄：本論文研究系統架構所使用之參數 224 Publication List 231

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