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研究生: 廖俊昉
Liao, Chun-fang
論文名稱: 用於H.264視訊編碼器之轉換域內框模式決策設計
Transform-Domain Block-BasedIntra Mode Decision in H.264/AVC Encoder
指導教授: 劉濱達
Liu, Bin-da
楊家輝
Yang, Jar-ferr
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2007
畢業學年度: 95
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 63
中文關鍵詞: 轉換域內框模式決策
外文關鍵詞: intra mode decision, H.264, intra prediction
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  • 本篇論文提出H.264視訊編碼器的內框模式決策,此決策機制利用編碼器之離散餘弦轉換係數以減少需要進行位元率-失真成本計算之模式數目。不同位置的轉換域係數可視為像素以不同型態組合之能量,此決策機制將型態方向類似的係數絕對值總合當作此方向之能量,並選擇能量最強的方向進行位元率-失真成本計算。在四乘四方塊中,決策機制還額外選擇相鄰方向以增加準確性。另外,由於直流模式無方向性,此機制依照轉換域空間之直流係數相對於其它交流係數之能量,判定是否需要做直流模式;H.264標準定義之最可能模式採用上方與左方區塊的預測方向,因此這個模式也列入候選模式。在進行邊長十六像素的巨方塊內框模式決策時,本研究利用H.264取出各個四乘四方塊直流係數的阿答瑪轉換係數進行模式決策。本論文也提出四乘四方塊轉換域內框預測之硬體,此硬體利用整數轉換之線性與預測方塊之對稱性減少傳統計算整數轉換域絕對差值總合的計算量。平均而言,本論文提出之模式決策可選出更少的模式。模擬結果顯示本演算法平均降低峰值信噪比0.015 dB,提高位元率1%。

    In this thesis, we propose a novel algorithm for intra mode decision using the coefficients of the current blocks. Then a hardware design for 4×4 intra prediction using the linearity of the H.264 integer transform and the spatial property of predicted block is proposed. By comparing the energy of the coefficients with similar transform-domain tendency, we select the prediction modes whose directions are close to the tendency with maximum weight. Moreover, the Intra_4×4_DC mode is chosen depending on the ratio of the AC energy to DC coefficient. The most probable mode is also chosen as a candidate to exploit the information of the adjacent blocks and to reduce the bit-rate. The number of intra prediction modes is reduced to save the computation of rate-distortion cost. The proposed hardware is designed to compute the minimum distortion of a 4×4 block. Comparing with the other designs, we need fewer modes. The results show that our proposed algorithm reduces the PSNR value by appropriately 0.015 dB in average, while the bit-rate increment is less than 1%.

    Table of Contents i List of Figures iii List of Table iv CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Motivation 1 1.2 Organization of this Thesis 3 CHAPTER 2 Intra Mode Decision Algorithm 5 2.1 Basic Concepts for CODEC of H.264/AVC 5 2.2 Basic Concepts for Intra Prediction 7 2.3 Intra_4×4 Prediction Modes 8 2.3.1 Intra_4×4_Vertical prediction mode (Mode 0) 10 2.3.2 Intra_4×4_Horizontal prediction mode (Mode 1) 11 2.3.3 Intra_4×4_DC prediction mode (Mode 2) 11 2.3.4 Intra_4×4_Diagonal_Down_Left prediction mode (Mode 3) 12 2.3.5 Intra_4×4_Diagonal_Down_Right prediction mode (Mode 4) 13 2.3.6 Intra_4×4_Vertical_Right prediction mode (Mode 5) 14 2.3.7 Intra_4×4_Horizontal_Down prediction mode (Mode 6) 15 2.3.8 Intra_4×4_Vertical_Left prediction mode (Mode 7) 16 2.3.9 Intra_4×4_Horizontal_Up prediction mode (Mode 8) 17 2.4 Intra_16×16 Prediction Mode 18 2.4.1 Intra_16×16_Plane prediction mode 19 2.5 Chroma_8×8 Intra Prediction 19 2.5.1 Intra_Chroma_DC prediction mode 20 2.5.2 Intra_Chroma_Plane prediction mode 21 CHAPTER 3 Proposed Intra Mode Decision Algorithm 23 3.1 Groups of DCT Patterns 23 3.2 Intra_4×4 Luma Prediction Modes 27 3.2.1 AC mode 29 3.2.1.1 Vertical direction and horizontal direction 29 3.2.1.2 Diagonal direction 30 3.2.2 DC mode 31 3.2.3 Most probable mode 32 3.3 Intra_16×16 Luma Prediction Modes 34 3.4 Intra_Chroma Prediction Modes 37 CHAPTER 4 Hardware Design for Transform-Domain  Intra Mode Decision 40 4.1 Overview of Hardware Design 40 4.2 The Intra Predictors in Transform Domain 42 4.2.1 Predictors for Intra_4×4 Vertical and Horizontal mode 43 4.2.2 The predictors for Intra_4×4_DC mode 44 4.2.3 The predictors for Intra_4×4_Diagonal modes 45 4.2.4 The predictors for other prediction modes 46 CHAPTER 5 Simulation and Synthesis Results 49 5.1 Threshold Value Definition 49 5.2 Experimental Results 51 5.3 Comparison of Different Fast Intra Prediction Methods 55 5.4 Synthesis Results 56 CHAPTER 6 Conclusions and Future Work 57 6.1 Conclusions 57 6.2 Future Work 58 References 59

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