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研究生：	鄭元婷 Cheng, Yuan-Ting
論文名稱：	以模擬方法進行包裝容器之逆向物流系統設計與分析 Design and analysis of a container reverse-logistics system using
指導教授：	楊大和 Yang, Taho
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電機資訊學院 - 製造工程研究所 Institute of Manufacturing Engineering
論文出版年：	2004
畢業學年度：	92
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	80
中文關鍵詞：	逆向物流、智慧搜尋法、二分法、系統模擬、包裝容器
外文關鍵詞：	Bisection Algorithm, Simulation, Container, Reverse Logistics
相關次數：	點閱：58 下載：4
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近年來許多國家有鑑於企業利益及環保間取捨的相關議題，紛紛提倡綠色製造、永續經營的概念。包括德國、荷蘭、日本、歐盟及台灣等國家，都積極的提倡綠色製造、回收再利用之相關計畫，藉此善用各項資源，以減少企業所產生的廢棄物對於環境的衝擊。大多數文獻在探討此類問題時，皆著重於產品回收再利用等議題，極少談及有關包裝容器之回收再利用等相關問題。有鑑於善用包裝容器為環境及企業所帶來的利益。因此本研究利用系統模擬方法結合逆向物流之概念，針對一Toyota汽車公司對於其運輸包裝容器的選用及物流成本分析案例建構其模擬模式，並在該模式中以系統之最小成本為目標，藉由案例本身的三個方案比較，探討不同方案中所選用的不同運輸包裝容器對於系統最小成本所造成的變化及其所產生的效益，實驗中發現以長期觀點來看使用可再用包裝容器可獲得較大的效益。此外本研究亦在案例中針對可再用包裝容器導入容器共用的議題形成一新的方案做進一步的探討，並利用二分法結合智慧搜尋法，尋求系統所需之最經濟包裝容器數量。

Because the relevant topics of environmental protection become more and more important around the world, many countries, such as Germany, Holland, Japan, European Union, Taiwan, etc., have to take the issue into consideration, then advocate the concepts about green manufacturing and sustainable management in order to utilize the natural resources and to decrease the harm when enterprises handle the wastes they produce. Most of the issues discussed in literature emphasize the problem about recycling products rather than recycling containers. In consideration of the enterprises will profit by utilizing the containers. In this paper, we build a simulation model including the concept of reverse logistics in order to discuss the case about the transportation containers in Toyota automobile industry. Empirical results show that the performance using the reusable containers is better than the expendable containers. Furthermore, we discuss the issue about the concept of reusable containers in the model and find the best economic quantities by using a method integrate bisection algorithm into artificial intelligence search algorithm.

目 錄
摘  要...................................................................	i
Abstract.................................................................ii
誌 謝...................................................................iii
目錄......................................................................v
表目錄.................................................................viii
圖目錄....................................................................x
第一章 緒論...............................................................1
1 研究背景與動機........................................................1
2 研究目的..............................................................3
3 研究範圍及流程........................................................3
4 論文架構..............................................................4
第二章 文獻探討...........................................................6
1 物流..................................................................6
1.1 物流的起源與定義....................................................6
1.2 物流在企業中所扮演的角色............................................7
1.3 物流總成本觀........................................................7
2 逆向物流..............................................................8
2.1 逆向物流的產生......................................................8
2.2 逆向物流的定義......................................................8
2.3 逆向物流的來源及處理方式...........................................10
2.4 逆向物流活動的分類.................................................12
2.5 逆向物流與綠色物流.................................................14
2.6 逆向物流對於企業的影響.............................................15
3 運輸包裝.............................................................15
3.1 可再用包裝容器.....................................................16
3.2 可再用包裝容器相關成本.............................................16
3.3 可再用包裝容器的效益...............................................18
4 資訊系統.............................................................19
5 逆向物流系統概況.....................................................21
第三章 研究方法..........................................................24
1 觀察分析逆向物流系統的現況...........................................24
2 建立該逆向物流系統之模擬模式.........................................24
2.1 系統描述...........................................................24
2.2 資料收集、整理及分析...............................................25
2.3 建構模擬模式.......................................................25
2.4 模式的驗證.........................................................25
3 尋求各方案之系統最小成本.............................................26
3.1 二分法.............................................................27
3.2 智慧型搜尋法.......................................................28
3.3 二分法結合智慧搜尋法...............................................29
第四章 實驗說明..........................................................30
1 案例說明及假設.......................................................30
1.1 方案一：回收消耗性包裝容器.........................................32
1.2 方案二：丟棄消耗性包裝容器.........................................33
1.3 方案三：使用可再用包裝容器.........................................33
2 模擬模式的建立.......................................................35
2.1 系統描述與模式邏輯.................................................35
2.1.1 方案一：回收消耗性包裝容器.......................................35
2.1.2 方案二：丟棄消耗性包裝容器.......................................37
2.1.3 方案三：使用可再用包裝容器.......................................37
2.2 模擬模式的建構.....................................................38
2.2.1 方案一：回收消耗性包裝容器.......................................38
2.2.2 方案二：丟棄消耗性包裝容器.......................................43
2.2.3 方案三：使用可再用包裝容器.......................................44
2.3 模擬模式驗證.......................................................45
3 比較各方案之成本.....................................................47
3.1 實驗執行與分析.....................................................48
4 新逆向物流系統之模式建構.............................................50
5 方案四之實驗執行與分析...............................................52
5.1 各方案之比較.......................................................52
5.2 各方案所需之最經濟包裝容器數量.....................................54
5.2.1 二分法...........................................................54
5.2.2 智慧搜尋法.......................................................65
5.2.3 二分法結合智慧搜尋法.............................................70
5.3 各方法之結果比較...................................................72
第五章 結論與建議........................................................76
1 結論.................................................................76
2 未來研究與建議.......................................................76
參考文獻.................................................................78

                                    

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校內：2005-08-31公開
校外：2007-08-31公開

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