近年來群眾外包概念興起，讓物流配送的最後一哩路，得以藉由非特定人員的協助完成。企業對客戶(Business to Customer)的商業模式採用群眾外包，有助於減少企業配置自有配送車隊及人員，並提升配送的及時性。
本研究考量由非特定人員(偶然配送員)協助配送線上訂單的問題，線上訂單及非特定人員皆為動態產生，訂單及配送人員採用具滾動平面的拍賣配對機制。由於前述之動態特性，本研究利用代理人基模型模擬方式，分析系統績效。
為評估具滾動平面的拍賣機制對於系統配送成本及服務可靠度之影響，本研究同時模擬其他兩種配送模式：(1)全自有車隊配送及(2)不具滾動平面之配對方式。結果發現，相較於全自有車隊以及不具滾動平面之配對方式，具滾動平面之拍賣配對機制，具最低的總成本及最小延遲率，相較於全自有車隊配送，兩項數值分別下降 7% 與 56%。此外，在滾動平面機制下，測試兩次配對的時間間隔長短之影響，結果顯示，時間間隔越小，有最佳之總成本及延遲率的表現。分析結果亦證實本研究建構之代理人基模型可用於比較不同配送模式，未來研究可考量真實路網或其他拍賣機制，以作為經營與決策之參考。

關鍵字：群眾外包、群眾物流、拍賣機制、代理人基模型模擬、滾動平面

SUMMARY

In recent years, the widespread popularity of the sharing economy has enabled the effective use of idle resources. In the field of research in logistics, crowd-shipping is an innovative method which applies the principles and practices of the sharing economy. Recruiting individuals who are willing to use their idle space or excess time to assist in package delivery can provide more flexible delivery services and reduce overall transportation costs.
Based on the above statement In light of these facts, this study applied an auction-based matching mechanism with a rolling horizon on dynamic crowd-shipping problem. An agent-based model was developed to simulate the mechanisms behind the auction-based matching and delivery of parcels. The proposed mechanism was compared with traditional delivery services and crowd-shipping services without an auction-based matching mechanism. Simulation analysis was conducted to test the impact of the service provider commission rate on revenue and system reliability.
This study analyzed ten parameters of the proposed model. Compared to traditional delivery services, on the one hand, and the crowd-shipping model with single-parcel matching and no auction mechanism, on the other, the crowd-shipping model with a multi-parcel auction mechanism and a rolling time horizon produced a number of benefits: a lower total cost, a lower delay rate, and a significantly improved service performance. Additionally, the model performed optimally in terms of total cost and delay rate when the time horizon was 20 minutes. In sum, the agent-based model proposed in this study provided realistic simulation results and so can be widely used in the study of various delivery scenarios.
Key words: Sharing economy, Crowd-shipping, Auction mechanism, Agent-based simulation, Rolling horizon

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