全球暖化對環境的影響與日俱增，各國對溫室氣體的排放量逐漸重視。海運為目前全球貿易中最仰賴的交通工具，眾多船舶在港口運作，尤其當船舶在航行及停泊時，其主引擎、輔助引擎、鍋爐運轉時所造成的廢氣更是包含許多二氧化碳，因此各國逐漸提倡綠色港口來降低船舶碳排放量。
本研究主要以某貨櫃輪為例探討船舶制定平均速度來給予補助的合理性。首先，取得該貨櫃輪一年份的船舶自動識別系統資料並選出台灣及中國的5個港口，利用大圓距離公式、進出港平均速度公式，接著使用台灣的船舶排放量估算法求得貨櫃輪於各港口20海浬內之碳排放量，並結合荷蘭的網格法將碳排放量視覺化，最後觀察進出港平均速度影響主引擎及港口碳排放量的關係。
本研究以此貨櫃輪的結果發現制定進出港平均速度為12節做為補助標準可降低主引擎的碳排放量，但觀察到兩種情況：1、若出港時船速過快且於計算平均速度的海浬時才減速，即可能造成更多主引擎的碳排放量，2、造成港口最高的碳排放量但平均速度卻符合補助條件，發現原因為停泊於外港或停留於港口較長的時間。故本研究以此貨櫃輪的結果建議：1、將條件設為進出港速度維持12節較佳，可望降低部分主引擎的碳排放量，2、計畫可將船舶停泊時間所產生的碳排放量納入考量。

The effect of global warming on the environment is increasing day by day. Countries are paying more attention to greenhouse gas emission. In global trading, shipping is the most reliable transportation. Many ships operate in ports, especially when ships are sailing and berthing. The main engine, auxiliary engine and boiler are running, the exhaust gas produced by them contains a lot of carbon dioxide. Therefore, countries are gradually promoting the concept of green ports to reduce ship emission.

This study mainly takes a container ship as an example to discuss the reasonableness of the average speed to grant subsidies. First of all, the AIS data of a container ship in a year are obtained and five ports in Taiwan and China are selected. Using the formula of great circle distance and the formula of average speed, and calculate the emission of container ship within 20 nautical miles of each port by using the ship emission estimation method of Taiwan, and combined with the Netherlands grid method to visualize emission. Finally, the relationship between the average speed and the total carbon emission of the main engine and port was observed.

This study found that the average speed of entering and leaving within 12 knots as standard could reduce the emission of the main engine, but two situations were observed from the container ship. (1) If the ship speed is too fast when leaving the port, and slow down in measured nautical miles of average speed ,which may lead to more emission. (2) The highest emission of the port are caused, but the average speed of the ship is in line with the subsidy conditions, because the long time of berthing in the outer port or berthing in the port. Therefore, this study suggests that (1) It is better to set the condition that the ship speed of entering and leaving is to maintain within 12 knots, and it’s expected to reduce the emission of the main engine. (2) Emission from berthing of ships could be considered in this plan.

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