大型抽水泵廣泛運用於防洪抽水站、汙水處理廠及電廠循環冷卻水系統，其機件是否能有效率的運轉且壽命合乎預期並降低維護成本，需要仰賴抽水井設計，現今廣為參考的工程設計規範為美國HI標準及英國BHRA準則，然而整個抽水系統涵蓋了許多水工結構物，相當繁雜，規範所建議之設計僅考慮了簡單之邊界條件，在面對複雜的地形及抽水井內部結構，仍需進行水工模型試驗加以校驗，確保整體安全性與了解實際的流場變化。
本文旨在以水工模型試驗探討流場特性對於吸入口喉部流速均勻度的影響。試驗以塔寮坑抽水站之抽水井結構設計為縮尺模型，利用超音波都卜勒流速儀(ADV)量測抽水井渠道之三維流場，且分別設置了均勻流及斜向流兩種流況，在此條件下，藉由轉速計觀測吸入管內旋轉角度，透過皮托管量測吸入口之喉部流速，依照不同流況對其影響程度進行數據分析以了解管內流場特性，探討入流流況對其影響程度。此外，試驗也在斜向流況時於吸入口正下方設置導流體，加以分析吸入管內流速均勻性的改善情況。
試驗結果顯示，在均勻流況下，抽水井流場分佈均勻且穩定，吸入管內流速也為均勻分布，旋轉角度皆符合設計規範；在斜向流況時，水流受到結構體影響，使流場分佈不均使喉部流速偏差值大，導致旋轉角度因而超過設計規範，不利於抽水井優化；本試驗設置的圓椎形導流體可以讓吸入管內流速均勻分佈，對於流場穩定有顯著的效果。
由於現今水工模型試驗多以旋轉角度及渦漩型態作為優化抽水井設計準則，故以上試驗對於吸入管內流速均勻性探討之結論，可將管內流速做為參考指標之一，以供未來工程之參考依據。

Large pumps are extensively used in flood control pumping stations, sewage treatment plants, and power plant circulating cooling water systems. Whether their components can operate effectively, meet expected lifespans, and reduce maintenance costs all depend on the design near the intake of the pumping well. Faced with complex terrains and the internal structure of pumping wells, verification through hydraulic model testing is still necessary to ensure overall safety and understand real flow field variations. As current experiments often use rotational angles and vortex types as the standards for optimizing pumping well designs, this study will conduct hydraulic model tests and delve deeply into the impact of flow field characteristics on the uniformity of flow velocity at the intake throat. Using flow velocity data measured by Pitot tubes, the uniformity of flow velocity within the intake pipe will be discussed. Additionally, flow deflectors are set up to analyze improvements in uniformity. The conclusion reveals that the uniformity of flow velocity at the throat also affects the design of the pump intake, thus serving as one of the reference indicators for future engineering considerations.

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