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研究生： 黃文堯
Huang, Wen-Yao
論文名稱： 具不平衡系統頻率及電壓調節功能之雙向三相智慧型變流器
A Bidirectional Three-Phase Smart Inverter with Frequency and Voltage Regulation under an Unbalanced System
指導教授： 楊宏澤
Yang, Hong-Tzer
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年： 2018
畢業學年度： 106
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 60
中文關鍵詞： 分散式能源 、電池儲能系統 、三相不平衡 、頻率調節 、電壓調節
外文關鍵詞： distributed energy, battery energy storage system (BESS), unbalanced three-phase system, frequency regulation, voltage regulation
相關次數： 點閱：89  下載：6 
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    • 三相電壓失衡問題自來為配電系統的一大隱患，且近年來由於能源需求遽增及環境保護意識受到重視，分散式再生能源系統開始廣泛地併聯至配電系統。然而，再生能源的發電不確定性不僅可能導致系統電壓或頻率擾動，亦可能更加劇三相電壓不平衡問題。近年來，智慧變流器的技術快速發展，惟多半僅應用於單相系統以減少頻率/電壓的偏移量，鮮少應用於三相電壓失衡改善問題。
    現今有許多大型儲能系統以三相併網，本文提出一個併網型三相四線式智慧型變流器，僅透過一個三臂之橋式架構，藉由三相電流正負相序解耦控制與所提之功率分配控制方法，可實現系統頻率調節，同時補償三相系統中的各相電壓，以維持整體系統的平衡。本文所提之三相功率控制方法分為二階段，第一階段主要將遠端使用者所下達之功率命令依據系統當前狀態分配至各相，第二階段則整合傳統下垂控制技術達到系統快速調頻及調壓的輔助服務功能。
    為驗證所提控制方法之可行性，本文利用PSIM模擬軟體建構一市電併聯型變流器模型，此外亦研製一具額定2 kW之雛型實作電路。經模擬及實測結果證實本文所提之控制策略不僅在系統擾動時可有效調節頻率，對於三相電壓失衡問題亦可分別補償個別相電壓，以達到系統穩定及平衡三相電壓之目的。

    In recent years, the use of renewable energy (RE) in distributed power generation has been increasing because the demand for electrical power has grown and communities have emphasized environmental awareness. However, a key drawback of RE is unstable power output that causes systemic effects. Moreover, with the increasing penetration of RE in three-phase distribution systems, the problem of unbalanced three-phase systems becomes increasingly challenging. Therefore, the use of power electronics control technology for rapid regulation of system frequency and voltage in microgrids is discussed broadly.
    This thesis proposes a novel control strategy for a grid-connected, three-phase four-wire smart inverter. By using positive and negative sequence decoupling controls and the proposed power control strategy, the smart inverter can provide not only frequency regulation but also voltage compensation to maintain a balanced and stable system. Furthermore, the proposed power control strategy can be divided into two stages. In the first stage, power command from a remote control center is divided into three phases according to the status of the three-phase system. If an inverter exists without the precondition of overcurrent, the second stage is used to provide ancillary services, such as frequency and voltage regulation, through the integration of conventional droop control.
    To verify the feasibility of the proposed method, a grid-connected inverter was simulated using PSIM. Furthermore, a 2 kW grid-connected three-phase four-wire prototype inverter was implemented, which was connected to a three-phase AC source for analysis. The simulation and experimental results indicate that the proposed control strategy is a feasible scheme. System frequency regulation and phase voltage compensation can be achieved to support the system under an unbalanced or unstable condition.

    摘要.................................................I ABSTRACT.............................................II 致謝.................................................IV TABLES OF CONTENTS...................................V LIST OF FIGURES......................................VIII LIST OF TABLES.......................................XI NOMENCLATURE.........................................XII Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION...............................1 1.1 Background and Motivations.......................1 1.2 Literature Review................................2 1.3 Research Objectives and Contributions............5 1.4 Organization.....................................6 Chapter 2 THREE-PHASE SMART INVERTER WITH VOLTAGE AND FREQUENCY REGULATION.................................7 2.1 Introduction.....................................7 2.2 Proposed Power Divider...........................8 2.2.1 First Stage of Power Divider...................8 2.2.2 Second Stage of Power Divider..................11 2.2.3 Droop Control..................................12 2.3 Current Estimation...............................15 2.4 Current Regulation...............................15 2.4.1 Positive and Negative-Sequence Decoupling......16 2.4.2 Dual Vector Control............................17 2.5 Phase Locked Loop Control........................20 2.6 Sinusoidal Pulse-Width Modulation Generation.....22 Chapter 3 EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN........................24 3.1 Introduction.....................................24 3.2 Feedback Circuit.................................25 3.2.1 DC-Voltage Feedback Circuit....................25 3.2.2 AC Voltage Feedback Circuit....................26 3.2.3 AC Current Feedback Circuit....................27 3.3 Gate Driver Circuit..............................28 3.4 LC filter design.................................28 3.5 Implementation of DSPs...........................29 3.5.1 SOGI-QSG.......................................29 3.5.2 PI Compensator.................................31 Chapter 4 SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS........33 4.1 Introduction.....................................33 4.2 Specification of the Three-Phase Inverter........33 4.3 Simulation Results...............................35 4.3.1 Performance of Different Power Commands........35 4.3.2 Frequency and Voltage Regulation...............39 4.4 Experimental Results.............................41 4.4.1 Islanding Mode.................................41 4.4.2 Grid-Connected Mode............................42 4.4.3 Performance of Different Power Commands........43 4.4.4 Frequency and Voltage Regulation...............48 4.4.5 THD and Efficiency Analysis....................50 Chapter 5 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK.................52 5.1 Conclusion.......................................52 5.2 Future Work......................................53 REFERANCES...........................................54

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