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研究生: 蔡燿丞
Tsai, Yau-Cheng
論文名稱: 以BASK調變技術實現超音波測距系統
Implementation of An Ultrasonic Distance Measurement System Based on A Binary Amplitude-Shift-Keyed(BASK) Modulation Technique
指導教授: 楊明興
Young, M.S.
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2003
畢業學年度: 91
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 62
中文關鍵詞: 超音波
外文關鍵詞: ultrasound, LabVIEW, FPGA, BASK
相關次數: 點閱:75下載:4
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  • 本研究以BASK調變技術再配合超音波相位差法完成測距系統,本系統使用三種不同而且頻率差甚大的信號(200 Hz、1K Hz、40K Hz),得到三個相位差值,再以演算法,將距離計算出來。這套系統使用ALTERA公司所製造的FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)元件FLEX系列EPF10K10來實現BASK調變和相位計的部分。採用FPGA元件可以讓我們在不使用A/D轉換的情況下,用計數的方式,來提高解析度,使得量測到的數據更加的準確。
    FPGA把相位值送到微處理機串列傳輸界面,將數據傳送到電腦後,透過LabVIEW程式來顯示並記錄,最後再以演算法轉換分析精確的數據。
    本系統的優點是可以用較便宜而且容易取得的窄頻寬感測器來完成,而且在長距離量測時準確度也很高。

    A high accurate Binary Amplitude-Shift-Keyed (BASK) modulated ultrasonic distance measurement system for use in isothermal air is developed. In this paper, we present a simple but efficient algorithm based upon phase shifts generated by three ultrasonic waves with different frequencies. By the proposed method, we can conduct longer distance measurement than the phase-shift method and get higher accuracy results compared with the time-of-flight (TOF) method. Our microcontroller-based system includes two important parts. One is BASK modulation signal generator and the other is a phase meter by which phase shifts of the three different frequency signals are obtained. Data is sent to PC via RS232 serial ports and then recorded and analyzed with LabVIEW.
    The main advantages of this distance measurement system are high accuracy in long distance measurement, low cost and easily implemented with cheap and common ultrasound transducers.

    中文摘要..................................................I 英文摘要.................................................II 致謝.....................................................IV 目錄......................................................V 圖目錄..................................................VII 表目錄...................................................IX 第一章、前言..............................................1 第二章、系統原理..........................................3 第三章、系統設計..........................................9 3.1 系統架構..........................................9 3.2 系統實現.........................................13 3.2.1 FPGA之功能...................................13 A、除頻電路......................................13 B、閂鎖電路......................................16 C、資料選擇傳送..................................18 3.2.2 濾波器與比較器...............................20 3.2.3 89c51........................................22 3.2.4 LabVIEW......................................23 第四章、系統校正與實驗結果...............................26 4.1超音波相對式發射接收實驗結果......................26 4.2超音波反射式發射接收實驗結果......................29 第五章、討論.............................................33 第六章、結論.............................................40 參考文獻.................................................42 附表.....................................................44 附圖.....................................................52 附錄A 89c51中斷、ASCII轉換、資料傳輸程式.................54 附錄B 系統硬體數位、傳輸、類比電路圖.....................58 附錄C 系統硬體圖.........................................61

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