本論文根據耦合電感式平衡電路的平均模型，以及磷酸鐵鋰電池的分段線性化模型，建立C語言的程式，並用此程式的模擬結果討論電壓平衡與電量平衡的特性及差異。此外，本論文還提出一新型串聯電池組的平衡方法，此方法利用變壓器從電池充放電器耦合能量，並運用此能量對串聯電池組平衡充放電。此方法具有效率高、體積小、架構簡單，及適合所有切換式轉換器等優點。接著考慮電池的充電特性，設計一具有定電流定電壓充電功能之CLL充電器。最後，利用CLL充電器，錯相式升降壓充電器及升降壓充電器，搭配本論文提出的平衡電路，對串聯鉛酸電池組及串聯磷酸鐵鋰電池組充電。根據此充電實驗的結果，交叉比對電壓平衡與電量平衡的討論，並驗證本論文提出之平衡方法的可行性。

In this thesis, based on the average model of coupled-inductor-based equalizer and the piecewise-linear model of lithium-ion phosphate (LiFePO4) battery, a program developed by C language is used to carry out the simulation results for discussing the characteristics of and the differences between voltage balance and state-of-charge (SOC) balance. Besides, a novel balancing method for series-connected batteries applications is proposed. The proposed method uses transformer to couple the energy from charger or discharger to balancing charge or discharge series-connected batteries. Therefore, the proposed method is with the advantages of high efficiency, compact size, extremely simple structure, and suitability for any type of switching converter. A design process, taking the properties of battery charging profile into consideration, of CLL charger with constant-current constant-voltage (CC/CV) charge scheme is presented. In addition to CLL charger, an interleaved buck-boost (IBB) charger and a buck-boost (BB) charger are implemented. Finally, by using these three chargers along with the proposed equalizer, the experimental results from charging both lead-acid and LiFePO4 battery packs are used to validate the discussion on voltage balance and SOC balance and to verify the feasibility of the proposed balancing method.

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