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研究生： 鄭雅今
Cheng, Ya-Chin
論文名稱： 具新型主動式電力解耦電路之單級微型光伏變流器
A Novel Single-stage Solar PV Micro-inverter with Active Power Decoupling Circuit
指導教授： 楊宏澤
Yang, Hong-Tzer
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年： 2012
畢業學年度： 100
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 70
中文關鍵詞： 交流模組 、電力解耦 、微型變流器 、返馳式變流器 、太陽能 、不連續導通模式
外文關鍵詞： AC module, power decoupling, Flyback inverter, micro-inverter, photovoltaic, discontinuous conduction mode
相關次數： 點閱：90  下載：2 
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    • 由於單級交流模組變流器之輸出功率含有兩倍市電頻率之交流成份，導致太陽能模組之輸出含有較大的電流漣波。傳統返馳式變流器於變流器輸入端並聯一大容值之電解電容來抑制變流器輸入端的電流漣波，然而高溫環境下電解電容的壽命問題會影響變流器之可靠度上限。
    為了改善變流器之可靠度，本文提出一新型具電力解耦能力之單級微型光伏變流器。透過本文外加的輔助電路，可有效抑制變流器輸入端的電流漣波，並可將變流器輸入端之電容及輔助電路上之電力解耦電容以高可靠度之小容值薄膜電容來取代，變流器之可靠度和壽命可因此獲得改善。本文所提架構亦可實現體積小、重量輕與架構簡單之特性。
    本文分別透過PSIM模擬和實驗驗證所提架構與控制方法之可行性。在硬體電路方面，成功實現一功率250W，輸入電壓25到40V，輸出電壓110Vac之實體電路。根據模擬與實驗結果證實，透過本文所提之輔助電路，太陽能模組之輸出有較小的電流漣波，可大幅提高最大功率追蹤效率，薄膜電容也因此可應用於交流模組變流器，以提高系統可靠度。

    For conventional single-stage Flyback AC module inverter, there is a large amount of power fluctuation of twice the grid frequency, causing high ripple components to appear on the output of the photovoltaic (PV) module. As a result, an electrolytic capacitor with large capacitance has often been used in order to suppress the current ripples thus caused. However, the lifetime issue of the electrolytic capacitor forms a reliability ceiling of the AC module inverter under high temperature environments.
    To overcome this problem, the thesis proposes a novel single-stage micro-inverter with power decoupling capability for the PV applications. The low-frequency power fluctuation is decoupled via an additional auxiliary circuit that enables employment of high-reliability film capacitors with small capacitance not only for the DC input capacitor of the micro-inverter, but also for the decoupling capacitor used in the decoupling auxiliary circuit. The reliability and lifetime of the inverter can thus be highly increased. The proposed inverter also enables realization of small volume, lightweight, and simple structure with high reliability.
    The control schemes and effectiveness of the proposed inverter is verified by PSIM simulations and experiments on a 250W laboratory prototype having input voltage of 25-40V and output voltage of 110Vac. Promising results have been obtained with relatively low output current ripples of the PV module due to the power-decoupling circuit. The MPPT efficiency can thus be highly enhanced. Film capacitors can be adopted in the AC module inverter as well to greatly ensure the system reliability.

    摘 要 i ABSTRACT iii 致 謝 v TABLE OF CONTENTS vi LIST OF FIGURES ix LIST OF TABLES xii Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Backgrounds and Motivations 1 1.2 Review of Literature 3 1.3 Research Method 5 1.4 Contributions of the Thesis 7 1.5 Organization of the Thesis 8 Chapter 2. REVIEW OF EXISTING PHOTOVOLTAIC MICRO-INVERTERS 9 2.1 Introduction 9 2.2 Existing Micro-inverters without Power Decoupling Capability 9 2.2.1 Basic Flyback Inverter 9 2.2.2 Interleaved Flyback Inverter 11 2.3 Existing Micro-inverter with Power Decoupling Capability 12 2.3.1 A Soft-Switching Flyback Inverter with Power Decoupling 12 2.3.2 Circuit of Current Pulsation Smoothing Parallel Active Filter 14 2.3.3 Flyback-type Utility-Interactive Inverter with Power Pulsation Decoupling 16 2.3.4 Three-Port Flyback-type Circuit with Active Power Decoupling 18 2.4 Summary 20 Chapter 3. PROPOSED PV MICRO-INVERTER 21 3.1 Introduction 21 3.2 Analysis of the Proposed Micro-inverter 21 3.2.1 Circuit Derivation and Configuration 21 3.2.2 Operating Principles 23 3.3 Steady-state Analysis 31 3.4 Design Guidelines 33 3.4.1 Decoupling Capacitor Selection 33 3.4.2 Selection of Transformer Magnetizing Inductance 36 3.4.3 Analysis of Voltage Stresses of Power Devices 37 3.5 Control Strategy of the Proposed Circuit 38 3.6 Summary 40 Chapter 4. SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 41 4.1 Introduction 41 4.2 Description of the Proposed Circuit 41 4.2.1 Specification of the Prototype Circuit 41 4.2.2 Power Switch Driving Circuit 43 4.2.3 Feedback Circuits 44 4.3 Simulation Results 47 4.4 Experimental Results 50 4.5 Summary 62 Chapter 5. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS 63 5.1 Conclusions 63 5.2 Future Prospects 64 REFERENCES 66

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