本文旨在提出以圓型疊層壓電變壓器於複金屬燈電子安定器之應用，藉由壓電變壓器高電壓比與高電能轉換效率的特點，取代傳統電磁耦合安定器於啟動時需額外加入一高電壓啟動器而造成體積大、重量重等缺點。首先針對本文所使用之複金屬燈量測其冷啟動電壓與音頻共振頻率範圍，並且利用MathCAD軟體進行設計壓電變壓器與模擬其操作特性。於電子安定器電路架構部分，採用半橋電路搭配本文所設計之壓電變壓器；利用壓電變壓器本身的特性，在無須外加諧振電路下而使半橋開關電路可達到零電壓切換的動作，以降低功率開關之切換損。最後將其電路實現並量測實驗結果。壓電變壓器式複金屬燈電子安定器冷啟動電壓可達峰對峰值1.4kVp-p以上、採定頻94.3kHz操作，利用脈波寬度調變的方法使其燈管輸出功率至適當值，並可達到體積小、重量輕的要求。

　　This thesis presents electronic ballast for metal halide lamps utilizing piezoelectric transformer. Traditional systems used to supply this kind of lamps include an electromagnetic ballast and an igniter circuit. However, these systems present heavy weight, large size and low efficiency. For these reasons, a PT-based electronic ballast are being proposed to substitute traditional electromagnetic ballasts. In this thesis, the operating characteristics for both starting transient and steady state of the metal halide lamp are fist investigated before design piezoelectric transformer. Based on the results, MathCAD is used to analyze and design the piezoelectric transformer. Use the IsSpice, the operation property of electronic ballast is also simulated. The main circuit is built a half bridge circuit and piezoelectric transformer, by utilizing the characteristics of piezoelectric transformer, the switches of inverter will operate under ZVS conditions without a series inductor. Later the ballast implemented on print circuit board is experimentally evaluated.

[1]C. A. Rosen, “Ceramic transformers and filters,” in Proc. Electron. Comp. Symp., 1956, pp. 205-211.
[2]S. Kawashima, O. Ohnishi, H. Hakamata, S. Tagami, A. Fukuoka, T. Inoue, and S. Hirose, “Third order longitudinal mode piezoelectric ceramic transformer and its application to high-voltage power inverter, ” in Proc. IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium Conf., 1994, pp. 525-530.
[3]M. Shoyama, K. Horikoshi, T. Ninomiya, T. Zaitsu, and Y. Sasaki, “Operation analysis of the push-pull piezoelectric inverter,” in Proc. IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conf., 1997, pp. 573-578.
[4]C. S. Moo, W. M. Chen, and H. K. Hsieh, “Electronic ballast with piezoelectric transformer for cold cathode fluorescent lamps,” IEE Proc. Electr. Power Appl., vol. 150, pp. 278-282, 2003.
[5]C. D. Wey, T. L. Jong, and C. T. Pan, “Design and analysis of an SLPT-based CCFL driver,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 50, pp. 208-217, 2003.
[6]E. M. Baker, W. Huang, D. Y. Chen, and F. C. Lee , “Radial mode piezoelectric transformer design for fluorescent lamp ballast applications,” in Proc. CPES Power Electronics Seminar, 2001, pp. 104-112.
[7]R. L. Lin, “Piezoelectric transformer characterization and application of electronic ballast,” Ph. D Dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA, 2001.
[8]E. M. Baker, “Design of Radial Mode Piezoelectric Transformers for Lmap Ballast Application,” M. S. Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA, 2002.
[9]W. Huang, “Design of a Radial Mode Piezoelectric Transformer for a Charge Pump Electronic Ballast with High Power Factor and Zero Voltage Switching,” M. S. Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA, 2003.
[10]T. Zaitsu, O. Ohnishi, T. Inoue, M. Syoyama, and T. Ninomiya, “2MHz power converter with piezoelectric transformer,” in Proc. IEEE INTELEC’92 Conf., 1992, pp. 430-437.
[11]T. Zaitsu, T. Shigehisa, M. Shoyama, and T. Ninomiya, “Piezoelectric transformer converter with PWM control,” in Proc. IEEE Appl. Power Electron. Conf., 1996, pp. 279-283.
[12]J.A. Martin-Ramos, M.A.J. Prieto, F.N. Garcia, J.D. Gonzalez, and F.M.F. Linera, “A new full-protected control mode to drive piezoelectric transformers in DC-DC converters,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 17, pp. 1096-1103, 2002.
[13]S. Hamamura, T. Ninomiya, M. Yamamoto, and M. Katsuno, “Combined PWM and PFM control for universal line voltage of a piezoelectric transformer off-line converter,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 18, pp. 270-277, 2003.
[14]邱良祥，“環型壓電變壓器應用於直流電源轉換器之研究”，國立成功大學電機工程學系碩士論文，2002。
[15]O. Ohnishi, Y. Sasaki, T. Zaitsu, H. Kishie, and T. Inoue, “Piezoelectric ceramic transformer for power supply operating in thickness extensional vibration mode,” IEICE Trans. Fundamentals, vol. E77-A, No. 12, pp. 2098-2105, 1997.
[16]S. Hamamura, D. Kurose, T. Ninomiya, and M. Yamamoto, “Piezoelectric transformer AC-DC converter over a worldwide range of input voltage by combined PWM and PFM control,” in Proc. IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conf., 2001, pp. 416-421.
[17]G. Ivensky, S. Bronstein, and S. Ben-Yaakov, “Analysis and design of a piezoelectric transformer AC/DC converter in a low voltage application,” in Proc. IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conf., 2002, pp. 409-419.
[18]黃威旗，“圓形疊層壓電變壓器應用於電源轉換器之研究”，國立成功大學電機工程學系碩士論文，2003。
[19]Ron Fiorello, “Lamp ignitor circuit,” Unitrode Applications Note DN-72.
[20]林再福、莫清賢、李清然，“氙燈之啟動電路設計”，第十八屆電力工程研討會，Nov, 1997, pp. 635-645.
[21]C. S. Moo, T. F. Lin, and Y. C. Chuang, “Designing an ignitor for short-arc xenon lamps,” IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, 1999, pp. 612-617.
[22]宋明俊，“複金屬燈特性研究”，國立中山大學電機工程學系碩士論文，2000。
[23]林再福，“複金屬燈特性研究及電子安定器設計”，國立中山大學電機工程學系博士論文，2002。
[24]蔡慶龍，“低功率複金屬燈電子安定器”， 第十八屆電力工程研討會，1997, pp. 518-522.
[25]陳冠雄，“方波電流驅動之複金屬燈操作特性研究”，國立中山大學電機工程學系碩士論文，2003。
[26]黃俊凱，“複金屬燈電子安定器之自動頻率追蹤控制”，國立中山大學電機工程學系碩士論文，2003。
[27]W. Yan , K. E. Ho, and S. Y. R. Hui, “Investigation on method of eliminating acoustic resonance in small wattage high-intensity -discharge（HID）lamps, ” in Conf. Rec. IEEE-IAS Annu. Meeting, 2000, pp. 3399-3406.
[28]J. Melis and O. Vila-Masot, ”Low frequency square wave electronic ballast for gas discharge lamps, ” U.S. Patent 5428268, June 27, 1995.
[29]M. Ponce, A. Lopez, J. Correa, J. Arau and J. M. Alonso, ”Electronic ballast for HID lamps with high frequency square waveform to avoid acoustic resonances, ” in Proc. IEEE APEC’01, 2001, pp. 658-663.
[30]M. Kazimerczuk and D. Czarkowski, Resonant Power Converters, John Wiley & Sons, 1995.
[31]S. Bronstein and A. B. Yaakov, “Design consideration for achieving ZVS in a half bridge inverter that drives a piezoelectric transformer with no series inductor, ” in Proc. IEEE PESC’02, 2002, pp. 585-590.
[32]J. Zhou, F. Tao, and F. C. Lee, “Inductor-less charge pump PFC electronic ballast, ” IEEE Industry Application Conference, 2001, pp. 524-529.
[33]魏慶德，“複金屬燈高頻電子安定器”，國立清華大學電機工程學系碩士論文，1997。
[34]廖益弘，“壓電式螢光燈電子安定器之研製”，國立清華大學電機工程學系碩士論文，2000。
[35]謝岳州，“高功因之複金屬燈電子安定器設計與製作”，國立雲林科技大學電機工程技術研究所碩士論文，1998。