近年來，由於環保意識的抬頭，混合動力車(Hybrid Electric Vehicle, HEV)逐漸受到重視，而整合了啟動馬達與發電機的一體式啟動發電機(Integrated Starter Generator, ISG)成為重要的研究方向。本文提出雙定子永磁型ISG之設計流程，並透過有限元素分析(Finite Element Analysis, FEA)與樣機實作相互驗證。

由於ISG啟動與發電模式的操作點功率相差甚遠，造成傳統單定子ISG之繞線設計困難，本研究採用雙定子結構與並聯磁路，增加了繞線設計自由度，改善繞線問題並提升功率密度，而磁鐵採用內藏式雙V型之結構，增加結構強健性並提升磁通集中因數。此外，本研究建立參數化模型，以頓轉扭矩(Cogging Torque)、反電動勢峰值與總諧波失真(Total Harmonic Distortion, THD)為目標，對磁鐵與磁障層構型進行最佳化設計。

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) is a growing trend nowadays with the rise of envi-ronmental awareness. Integrated starter generator (ISG) which combines starter and gener-ator gradually becomes an important direction of research. In this thesis, the design process of the double stator permanent ISG is proposed. A prototype is established, and the ex-periment results are presented to be in consistency with the simulation results, which veri-fies the feasibility of the proposed design.

The structure of double stator and the parallel magnetic circuit increases the degree of freedom of winding design. It improves problem of winding design due to difference in power range of two operating modes (motor and generator). The rotor adopts the structure of double V-shape interior permanent magnet. It enhances the structural strength of the ro-tor and increases the flux concentration factor. Furthermore, to optimize the design of nov-el ISG, this thesis built a parametric model. The structural parameters of magnets and barri-er are optimized by three main performances, the total harmonic distortion (THD), cogging torque and back EMF.

[1]. R. T. M. Smokers, M. Verbeek and S. van Zyl, "EVs and post 2020 CO2targets for passenger cars," 2013 World Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (EVS27), Barcelona, pp. 1-11, 2013.
[2]. Stephen P. Holland, Erin T. Mansur, Nicholas Z. Muller and Andrew J. Yates. "Are There Environmental Benefits from Driving Electric Vehicles? The Importance of Local Factors." American Economic Review, pp. 3700-3729, December 2016.
[3]. J. P. Morgan, "Driving into 2025: The Future of Electric Vehicles," October 2018, https://www.jpmorgan.com/global/research/electric-vehicles.
[4]. P. Huang, M. Tsai and C. U. Ubadigha, "Investigation of high power density permanent magnet integrated starter/generator based on dual air-gap design," 2017 20th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), Sydney, NSW, pp. 1-4, 2017.
[5]. M. Barcaro, L. Alberti, A. Faggion, L. Sgarbossa, M. Dai Pre and N. Bianchi, "Experimental tests on a 12-slot 8-pole Integrated Start-er-Alternator," 2008 18th International Conference on Electrical Ma-chines, Vilamoura, pp. 1-6, 2008.
[6]. R. Sabarirajan, N. J. Singh and N. Senthilnathan, "Finite element anal-ysis of an integrated starter generator (ISG) for four-wheelers using an induction machine," 2017 International Conference on Innovations in Information, Embedded and Communication Systems (ICIIECS), Co-imbatore, pp. 1-5, 2017.
[7]. I. A. Viorel, L. Szabó, L. Löwenstein, C. Şteţ, "Integrated start-er-generators for automotive applications", Acta Electrotehnica, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 255-260, 2004.
[8]. 稀土資源儲量分布和稀土礦物產量情況
http://baike.asianmetal.cn/metal/re/resources&production.shtml
[9]. 張志勇, "混合動力車用雙氣隙切換磁阻啟動發電機設計與分析,"國立成功大學碩士論文, 2015.
[10]. F. Zhao , T.A. Lipo, B.-I Kwon, "Dual-Stator Interior Permanent Mag-net Vernier Machine Having Torque Density and Power Factor Im-provement." Electric Power Components and Systems, pp. 1717-1726, Oct 2014.
[11]. A. Toba and T. A. Lipo, "Novel dual-excitation permanent magnet Ver-nier machine," Conference Record of the 1999 IEEE Industry Applica-tions Conference. Thirty-Forth IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.99CH36370), Phoenix, AZ, USA, pp. 2539-2544 vol.4, 1999.
[12]. W. Zhao, T. A. Lipo and B. Kwon, "Comparative Study on Novel Dual Stator Radial Flux and Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Motors With Fer-rite Magnets for Traction Application," in IEEE Transactions on Mag-netics, vol. 50, no. 11, pp. 1-4, Nov. 2014.
[13]. Hanselman D.C., 1994, Brushless Permanent-Magnet Motor Design,
McGraw-Hill, New York.
[14]. 茆尚勳, "直驅式跑步機用直流無刷馬達之設計,"國立成功大學碩士論文, 2002.
[15]. 王洪瑩, 顏欣平, “電動摩托車用雙定子永磁電機店磁設計與仿真研究,” 碩士學位論文, 電氣工程學系, 重慶大學, 五月, 2010.
[16]. 王雅玲, “電動汽車用雙定子永磁無刷電機研究,” 博士學位論文, 電氣工程學院, 山東大學, 五月, 2014.
[17]. S. Niu, K. T. Chau, Chuang Yu, “Quantitative comparison of dou-ble-stator and traditional permanent magnet brushless machines,” Journal of Applied Physics 105, 2009.
[18]. R. N. Firdaus et al., "Torque characteristics of small size single and double stator brushless permanent magnet motor," 2011 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development, Cyberjaya, pp. 52-57, 2011.
[19]. X. Liu, H. Chen, J. Zhao and A. Belahcen, "Research on the Perfor-mances and Parameters of Interior PMSM Used for Electric Vehicles," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 63, no. 6, pp. 3533-3545, June 2016.
[20]. A. Mohammadpour, A. Gandhi and L. Parsa, "Winding factor calcu-lation for analysis of back EMF waveform in air-core permanent magnet linear synchronous motors," in IET Electric Power Applica-tions, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 253-259, May 2012.
[21]. A. O. Di Tommaso, F. Genduso and R. Miceli, "A software for the evaluation of winding factor harmonic distribution in high efficiency electrical motors and generators," 2013 Eighth International Confer-ence and Exhibition on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER), Monte Carlo, pp. 1-6, 2013.
[22]. 蘇紹禹, "永磁發電機機理、設計及應用,"機械工業出版社.
[23]. KYMCO全地形車
http://www.kymco.com.tw/atv/#MAXXER
[24]. Q. Wu, H. Xiong, L. Liu, G. Meng, H. Li and L. Zhou, "Research on voltage regulation of a permanent magnet generator," 2011 Interna-tional Conference on Electrical and Control Engineering, Yichang, pp. 4935-4937, 2011.