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研究生：	阮光長 Nguyen, Quang-Truong
論文名稱：	高桶式旋流排砂器之研究 Study on a Deep-Depth Vortex Chamber Type Sediment Extractor
指導教授：	詹錢登 Jan, Chyan-Deng
學位類別：	博士 Doctor
系所名稱：	工學院 - 水利及海洋工程學系 Department of Hydraulic & Ocean Engineering
論文出版年：	2011
畢業學年度：	99
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	112
中文關鍵詞：	旋流桶、流量係數、泥砂移除、送料槽、底孔
外文關鍵詞：	vortex chamber, discharge coefficient, sediment removal, hopper, orifice
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Vortex chamber type sediment extractor is a natural, efficient and economical device for removing sediment from diverted water by vortex flow. One new design for this type of device named a deep-depth vortex chamber type sediment extractor is introduced in this thesis. Compared with previous models, the present vortex chamber has its height larger than its diameter. One study on this model of vortex chamber was conducted in this thesis, including hydraulic characteristics and sediment removal efficiency. The hydraulic issues include a tap water flow through a bottom orifice of a conical hopper and a vortex chamber, a muddy water flow through a bottom orifice of a vortex chamber. A conical hopper having its feature similar to vortex chamber was studied for a comparison with a vortex chamber. According to results, the discharge coefficient (Cd*) for a flow through the bottom orifice of a hopper significantly increases with the decrease of the bottom orifice diameter and lightly increases with the decrease of water head. Based on experimental data, one empirical relation of Cd* for conical hopper is developed and validated.
The tap water flow through the bottom orifice of vortex chamber was investigated taking account of the effect of different factors, i.e. the tangential inflow, overflow discharge, deflectors installed inside the chamber. The results show that compared with the conical hopper without tangential inflow, the discharge coefficient (Cd) for vortex chamber with tangential inflow is significantly smaller. Under the effect of the overflow discharge, Cd decreases significantly. The comparisons between the vortex chamber with and without deflector show that Cd for the vortex chamber with deflectors is larger. According to experimental data, different empirical relations of Cd for vortex chamber are developed for different experimental setup; i.e. the effect of tangential inflow, overflow discharge, and deflectors. A muddy water flow through the bottom orifice of vortex chamber was also studied under the effect of tangential inflow and overflow discharge. The effect of muddy water on discharge coefficient for the flow through the bottom orifice is considerable, Cd for muddy flow is lightly larger that for tap water flow. Empirical relations of Cd for muddy water flow through the bottom orifice of vortex chamber are also developed.
The sediment removal efficiency (η) affected by different factors was studied in the thesis, i.e. number of deflector, bottom orifice diameter, overflow discharge. According to experimental results, the effect of number of deflector on η is significant, and the vortex chamber with three deflectors has the largest value of η compared with the other cases. The experimental data also showed that the bottom orifice diameter (Du) and overflow discharge (Qo) influence on η significantly. And the effect of Du is more significant than that of Qo on the sediment removal efficiency η. Based on experimental data, one empirical relation for η was also developed, and this proposed relation should be useful for engineers to estimate the sediment removal efficiency for this type of vortex chamber.

Abstract (in Chinese)…………………………………………………………I
Abstract (in English)…………………………………………………………III
Acknowledgement …………………………………………………………………. V
Table of contents……………………………………………………………………. VI
List of table…….……………………………………………………. X
List of figures…..………………………………………………………. XI
Notations….…………………………………………………… XV

Chapter 1.  Introduction ……………………………….……………………………… 01
1	Motivation of research……………………………………………………… 01
2	The research objectives……………………………………………………… 03
2.1	Flow mechanics for vortex chamber with tap water.………………… 03
2.2 Flow mechanics for vortex chamber with muddy water……………… 04
2.3 Sediment removal………………………………………..…………… 04
3	Thesis structure……………………………………………………………… 04
Chapter 2.  Overview of vortex chamber……………………………………………… 06
1	Introduction of vortex chamber……………………………………………… 06
2	Literature review……….…….……………………………………………… 06
3	Summary……………………………………..……………………………… 13
Chapter 3.  Experimental program………….………………………………………… 15
1 Experimental model……………..…………..……………………………… 15
2 Experimental program………………………..……………………………… 18
2.1 Water flow through a bottom orifice of a conical hopper …………… 19
2.2  Flow through a bottom orifice of a vortex chamber –
tap water …………………………………………..…………………….….19
2.3  Flow through a bottom orifice of a vortex chamber –
muddy water ………………………………………………………………..20
2.4 Sediment removal efficiency………………………………………… 20
Chapter 4.  Flow through a bottom orifice of a conical hopper……………………… 22
1 Description of the problem……..…………..……………………………… 22
2  Overview of discharge coefficient for flow through the 
bottom orifice of a conical hopper……………………………..………………… 23
3 Experimental setup………….…..…………..……………………………… 26
4 Dimensional analysis………….…..…………..……………………………… 28
5 Empirical relations for Cd*………….………..……………………………… 29
6 Validation of proposed relations…….………..……………………………… 36
7 Discussions and conclusions…….………..………………………………… 38
8 Summary………………………….………..………………………………… 39
Chapter 5.  Flow through a bottom orifice of a vortex chamber – tap water…..…… 40
1 Description of the problem……..…………..……………………………… 40
2  Effect of tangential inflow on flow discharge coefficient 
through the bottom orifice…………………….……….……..………………… 42
2.1 Introduction……………………………………………….………… 42
2.2 Dimensional analysis…………………………………………………43
2.3 Experimental setup……………………………………………………44
2.4 Experimental phenomenon and results………………………………46
2.5 Empirical relations for Cd…………………….………………………50
2.6 Validation of proposed relation……………….………………………53
2.7  Comparison of Cd for a vortex chamber to that  for
a conical hopper……………………………………..………………………54
2.8 Discussions and conclusions………………….………………………57
3  Effect of overflow on flow discharge through the bottom orifice…………….59
3.1 Introduction……………………………………………….…………… 59
3.2 Experimental setup…………………..…………………………………60
3.3 Dimensional analysis…………………………………………………60
3.4 Empirical relations for Cd…………………….………………………61
3.5 Discussions and conclusions………………….………………………63
4 Effect of deflectors on flow discharge through the bottom orifice…………...65
4.1 Introduction……………………………………………….………… 65
4.2 Experimental setup……………………………………………………66
4.3 Empirical relations for Cd ………………………………………………66
4.4 Validation of proposed relation……………….………………………68
4.5  Comparison of Cd for a vortex chamber without deflector to
that for a vortex chamber with deflectors………………….….……………69
4.6 Discussions and conclusions………………….………………………72
Chapter 6.  Flow through a bottom orifice of a vortex chamber – 
muddy water………………………………………………………………..……….… 73
1 Description of the problem……..…………..……………………………… 73
2  Effect of tangential inflow on flow discharge through
the bottom orifice for muddy water..…….……….……..……………………… 74
2.1 Introduction……………………………………………….…………… 74
2.2 Sediment characteristics employed in this study………………………74
2.3 Experimental setup……………………………………………………75
2.4 Empirical relations for Cd…………………….………………………76
2.5 Comparison of Cd for tap water flow to Cd for
muddy water flow………………….…………..…….…….…………………80
2.6 Discussions and conclusions………………….………………………82
3  Effect of overflow on flow discharge through the bottom orifice…………….83
3.1 Introduction……………………………………………….…………… 83
3.2 Experimental setup…………………..…………………………………84
3.3 Dimensional analysis and empirical relations for Cd…………..……84
3.4 Discussions and conclusions………………….………………………87
Chapter 7.  Sediment removal efficiency…………………………………..……….… 89
1 Description of the problem……..…………..……………………….……… 89
2 Overview of sediment removal efficiency ().……………………….……… 90
3 Experimental setup………………………………………………….……… 92
4 Effect of number of deflector on sediment removal efficiency…..………… 93
4.1 Introduction……………………………………………….…………… 93
4.2 Experimental results and discussions…………………….…………… 94
5 Effect of overflow discharge on ………………………………..………… 95
5.1 Introduction……………………………………………….…………… 95
5.2 Results and discussions…………………….…………….…………… 96
6 Effect of bottom orifice size on ………………………………..………… 98
6.1 Introduction……………………………………………….…………… 98
6.2 Results and discussions…………………….…………….…………… 98
7 Empirical relation for …………………………………………..………… 99
7.1 Introduction……………………………………………….…………… 99
7.2 Empirical relation for …..……………….…………….…………… 100
8 Conclusions………………..……………………………………..………… 102
Chapter 8.  Conclusions and Recommendations…………………………..…….… 104
1 Conclusions…………….…..…..……..……..…….……………….……… 104
1 Recommendations……….…..…..……..……..…….……………….……… 106
References…..………………………………………………………………………… 108

                                    

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校內：2014-01-12公開
校外：2014-01-12公開

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