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研究生：	黃柏盛 Huang, Po-Sheng
論文名稱：	以熱輻射檢測技術建構非接觸式新型火災偵測系統之研究 Study of the Construction of A New Non- Contact-Type Fire-Detection System Based on Heat Radiation-Sensing Technology
指導教授：	楊明興 Young, M.S.
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系 Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年：	2006
畢業學年度：	94
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	44
中文關鍵詞：	火災偵測、熱輻射、熱電堆
外文關鍵詞：	Fire Detect, Heat-Radiation, Thermopile
相關次數：	點閱：89 下載：2
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摘要
現今所使用的傳統型火災警報器必須充分的接觸到熱源才會反應，從火災發生到發出警報都會有一段延遲時間產生，這個時間更會因環境與設置地點而改變，但就災害救助之觀點而言，能夠將災害警報的時間提早一點，則所產生的效益都是難以估計的。
以往所發表的研究論文，大多是運用熱阻式的原理來處理遠端溫度偵測，若將其運用於火災偵測之部分，則成本過於高昂。本研究是運用以熱電堆(thermopile)為原理並結合現今半導體製程技術所製造之感測器，利用其成本低廉且靈敏度高之特性，在系統方面更結合
菲聶爾透鏡(Fresnel lens)來提高其偵測範圍，另外設計出專門處理此類訊號之類比電路，並將此訊號利用資料擷取卡傳輸至電腦，更利用LABVIEW 軟體來做資料運算分析，提高其靈敏度，來增進系統可感測的範圍。
本研究除建立起新型火災警示器之系統雛型外，並因為其遠距且非接觸式量測溫度之特性，來創新智慧型家居系統，如整合個人體溫，室溫，保全系統之資料，期許建立起一個未來安全舒適生活環境模型之思考。

ABSTRACT
The conventional fire detectors what we use today must contact the heat to detect the fire. That is why it will produce a delay time from
emergence of the fire to send out the fire alarm. And it will vary because of different environmental condition and installation location. On view that calamity succor, it is invaluable to reduce the time to send out the fire alarm. Using the characteristics of the radiation-sensing technology of immediately sending out the alarm, a prototype of far distance and non-contact-type fire detection system was constructed.
Most of earlier researchers use the principle of thermal resistance to deal with the detection of far distance temperature. However, this type of
detector is too expensive to be a fire detector. In this research, we adopted a sensor based on the principle of thermopile and the technology of
semi-conductor process. It has high sensitivity and is low cost. In system design, we combined the fresnel lens to increase the detection range. By the other way, we design the specific analog circuits to deal with the detected signal and transfer it to a personal computer through a DAQ interface. Finally, the acquired data were analyzed by using LABVIEW software to enhance its sensitivity and increase its detection range.
In this research, we not only set up the model of a new fire detection system, but also provide a new opinion of combining the future life
concept to create new intelligent home because of its characteristics of the non-contact-type and far distance detection. We can integrate the
body temperature, rooms and kitchen temperatures with the security system, health control system, temperature control system and even the warning system of the calamity. We hope to provide a new thinking of more comfortable and safe environment in the future.

目錄
第一章緒論........................................... 1
1.1 動機........................................... 1
1.2 研究背景....................................... 1
1.3 文獻回顧....................................... 2
1.3.1熱型與量子型紅外線感測器之比較............ 2
1.3.2熱型紅外線感測器的種類與比較.............. 3
1.3.3傳統火災警報器之架構...................... 5
第二章輻射原理與理論分析............................. 7
2.1 紅外線歷史及定義............................... 7
2.1.1紅外線歷史................................ 7
2.2 紅外線相關原理與輻射理論....................... 10
2.2.1輻射原理.................................. 10
2.2.2輻射理論.................................. 10
第三章感測器原理及電路設計......................... 15
3.1 感測器原理..................................... 15
3.1.1 感測器工作原理........................... 15
3.1.2 感測器基本性能參數介紹................... 17
3.1.3 熱電堆紅外線感測器之規格................. 20
3.2 電路設計...................................... 21
3.2.1 前級放大電路與濾波....................... 21
3.2.2 背景雜訊電路............................. 22
3.2.3 類比處理訊號IC .......................... 23
3.2.4 顯示與處理............................... 24
3.3 系統架構組織圖................................. 24
3.4 硬體系統電路圖................................. 25
第四章系統測試...................................... 26
4.1 溫度校正....................................... 26
4.2 警報系統軟體................................... 27
4.2.1 測量警示訊號之正規化..................... 27
4.2.2 警示系統軟體之設計....................... 27
4.3實驗流程與結果..................................... 28
4.3.1 近似於黑體之均勻加熱板................... 28
4.3.2 模擬自然熱源............................. 30
第五章討論......................................... 32
第六章結論......................................... 33
第七章未來展望..................................... 34
參考文獻 ...............................36
圖目錄
表1.1 量子型與熱型紅外線感測器比較表…………………… 3
表1.2 熱型感測器各方面比較表…………………………… 4
表1.3 傳統火災警報器之架構圖…………………………… 6
表2.1 黑體輻射強度分佈與波長之間的關係圖…………… 8
表2.2 紅外線波段的大氣傳輸特性圖……………………… 9
表3.1 熱電效應示意圖……………………………………… 15
表1.1 量子型與熱型紅外線感測器比較表…………………… 34
表1.1 量子型與熱型紅外線感測器比較表…………………… 34
附錄A PROTEL LAYOUT 輸出電路圖.................... 42
硬體實際圖.................................. 42
Thermopile DataSheet ......................... 43
附錄B labview program 流程圖........................ 45
labview program ............................... 46
                                    

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校內：2009-08-04公開
校外：2011-08-04公開

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