本研究藉由「社會認知理論」觀點來探討知識吸收能力對創新績效之影響，此外，更進一步研究知識分享文化以及知識網絡中心性是否會對知識吸收能力與創新績效造成影響。本研究藉由從文獻回顧中所發展出的十四個研究假設來探討研究架構中不同構面之關係。

本研究以便利抽樣方式將問卷發放於台灣北中南部科技產業之各大企業以收集資料。研究顯示，「知識吸收能力」、「知識分享文化」和「知識網絡中心性」都與「創新績效」產生正相關。此外，「知識分享文化」和「知識網絡中心性」皆有助於提升知識吸收能力。研究結果更顯示，透過社會認知理論 -環境、個人以及行為之三元決定論，組織能夠建立一個知識友善的工作環境，培養組織成員對知識的吸收能力，進而有效提升創新績效。

This study investigates the influence on innovation performance of knowledge absorptive capacity in the social cognitive perspective. In addition, the study also examines the effect of knowledge sharing culture and network centrality for the knowledge absorptive capacity and innovation performance. Based on literature review, fourteen hypotheses are developed to address the inter-relationships between dimensions. One pair of questionnaire is also designed and sends to the technology corporations in Taiwan.

All hypotheses are tested with regression analysis and the conceptual model fitness is tested with the structure equation model. Fourteen hypotheses are all supported. Generally, the testing results present that the knowledge absorptive capacity, knowledge sharing culture, and knowledge network centrality are all positively related to the innovation performance. Furthermore, knowledge sharing culture and knowledge network centrality affect knowledge absorptive capacity in the positive way.

This research contributes to the field of social cognitive theory by providing an empirically research explores the inter-relationships between environment, people, and behavior. It identifies the relationships of knowledge absorptive capacity, innovation performance, knowledge network centrality, and knowledge sharing culture. The result serves for managers as a guide to develop a knowledge-friendly organization which possesses excellent innovation performance.

Ansoff, H. I., & Stewart, J. M. (1967). Strategies for a technology-based-business. Harvard Business Review, 45(November/December), 71–83.
Astley, W. G., & Sachdeva, P.S. (1984). Structure source of intraorganizational power: A theoretical synthesis. Academy of Management Review, 9(1),104-113
Avermaete, T., Viaene, J., Morgan E. J., & Crawford, N. (2003). Determinants of Innovation in small food firms. European Journal of Innovation Management, 6(1), 8–17.
Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliff, NJ: .Prentice Hall
Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundation of thought and action. Englewood Cliff, NJ: .Prentice Hall
Bart van den Hooff, & Femke de Leeuw van Weenen. (2004). Committed to share: commitment and CMC use as antecedents of knowledge sharing. Knowledge and Process Management, 11(1), 13-24
Bavelas, A. (1948). A mathematical model for group structures. Human Organization, 7, 16-30.
Benson, J. K. (1975). The interorganizational network as a political economy. Administrative Science Quarterly, 20(2), 229-249
Bhaskaran, S. (2006). Incremental innovation and business performance: small and medium-size food enterprises in a concentrated industry environment. Journal of Small Business Management, 44(1), 64-80
Bresnahan, T., Gambardella, A., & Saxenian, A. (2004). “Old economy” input for “new economy” output: cluster formation in the new silicon valleys. Industrial and Corporate Change, 10(4), 835-860
Cohen, W. M., & Levinthal, D. A. (1990). Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35, 128-152
Coleman, J. S. (1990). Foundations of Social Theory. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Compeau, D. R., & Higgins, C. A., (1995). Application of social cognitive theory to training for computer skills. Information Systems Research, 6(2), 118-143
Conner, K. R., & Prahalad, C. K. (1996). A resource-based theory of the firm: knowledge versus opportunism. Organization Science, 7(5), 477-501
Cook, K. S. (1977). Exchange and power in networks of interorganizational relations. The Sociological Quarterly, 18(1), 62-82
Daft, R. L. (1978). A dual-core model of organizational innovation. Academy of Management Journal, 21(2), 193-210
Damanpour, F. (1991). Organizational innovation: A meta-analysis of effects of determinants and moderators, Academy of Management Journal, 34(3): 555.
Damanpour, F. (1996). Organizational complexity and innovation: developing and testing multiple contingency models. Management Science, 42(5), 693-716
Damanpour, F., & Evan, W. M. (1984). Organizational innovation and performance: The problem of “organizational lag”. Administrative Science Quarterly, 29, 392-409
David Gurteen. (1999). Creating a knowledge sharing culture. Knowledge Management Magazine, 2(5), 1-4
De Long, D. W. (1997). Building the knowledge-based organization: how culture drives knowledge behaviors. Center for Business Innovation
De Long, D. W., & Fahey. L. (2000). Diagnosing cultural barriers to knowledge management. Academy of Management Executive, 14(4), 113-127
Dewar, R. D., & Dutton, J. E. (1986). The adoption of radical and incremental innovations: An empirical analysis. Management Science, 32, 1422-1433.
Downs, G. W., & Mohr, L. B. (1976). Conceptual issues in the study of innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 21, 700-714.
Ettlie, J. E., Bridges, W. P., & O'Keefe, R. D. (1984). Organization strategy and structural differ- ences for radical versus incremental innovation. Management Science, 30, 682-695.
Freeman, C. (1974). The Economics of Innovation. England: Penguin.
Freeman, L. C. (1979). Centrality in social networks conceptual clarification. Social Network, 1(79), 215-239
Gao, S., Xu, K., & Yang, J. (2008). Managerial ties, absorptive capacity, and innovation. Asia Pacific J Manage, 25, 395-412
Gulati, C. (1999). Where do interorganizational networks come from? American Journal of Sociology, 104(5), 1439-1493
Hambrick, D. C. (1983). Some tests of the effectiveness and functional attributes of miles and snow’s strategic types. Academy of Management Journal, 26(1), 5–26.
Hendriks, P. (1999). Why share knowledge? The influence of ICT on the motivation for knowledge sharing. Knowledge and Process Management, 6(2), 91-100
Huber, G. P. (1991). Organizational learning: the contributing processes and the literatures. Organization Science, 2(1), 88-115
Ibarra, H. (1993). Network centrality, power, and innovation involvement: determinants of technical and administrative roles. Academy of Management Journal, 36(3), 471-501
Jansen, J. J. P., Van Den Bosch, F. A. J., & Volberda, H. W. (2005). Managing potential and realized absorptive capacity: How do organizational antecedents matter? Academy of Management Journal, 48(6), 999-1015
Johannessen, J. A., B. Olsen, & Lumpkin, G. T. (2001). Innovation as newness: what is new, how new, and new to whom? European Journal of Innovation Management 4(1), 20-31.
Johanson, J., & Mattsson, L. G. (1987). Interorganizational relations in industrial systems: A network approach compared with the transaction-cost approach. International Studies of Management and Organization, 17(1), 34-48
Kaiser, H. F. (1970), A second generation Little Jiffy, Psychometrika, 35(4), 401-415
Kaiser, H.F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39(1), 31-36.
Kazanjian, R. K., Drazin, R., & Glynn, M. A. (2001). Implementing Strategies for Corporate Entrepreneurship: A Knowledge-Based Perspective. In M. A. Hitt, R. D. Ireland, S. M. Camp & D. L. Sexton (eds.). Strategic entrepreneurship: Creating a new mindset: 173–200. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
Kim, L. (1998). Crisis construction and organizational learning; capability building in catching-up at Hyundai Motor. Organization Science, 9, 506-521
Knight, K. E. (1967). A descriptive model of the intra-firm innovation process. Journal of Busi- ness, 40, 478-496.
Knoke, D. & Kuklinski, J. H. (1982). Network Analysis: Basic Concepts. London SAGE publications Ltd, 173-182
Knudsen, H. K., & Roman, P. M. (2004). Modeling the use of innovations in private treatment organizations: the role of absorptive capacity. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 26, 51-59
Kogut, B., & Zander, U. (1996). What firms do? Coordination, identity and learning. Organization Science, 7, 502–510
Lee, H. and Choi, B. (2003). Knowledge management enablers, processes, and organizational performance: An integrative view and empirical examination”. Journal of Management Information Systems, 20, 179–228.
Lee, J. N. (2001). The impact of knowledge sharing, organizational capability and partnership quality on IS outsourcing success. Information & Management, 38, 323-335
Liebeskind, J. P. (1996). Knowledge, strategy, and the theory of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 17, 93-107
Miles, R. E., & Snow, C. C. (1987). Organisational Strategy, Structure and Process. New York: McGraw- Hill.
Mitchell (1969). Social Networks in Urban Situations. Manchester, EngI.: University of Manchester Press
Mole, V., & Elliot D. (1987). Enterprising Innovation: An Alternative Approach. London: Frances Pinter.
Mowery, D. C, & Oxley, J. E. (1995). Inward technology transfer and competitiveness: the role of national innovation systems. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 19, 67-93.
Nahapiet J, Ghoshal S. (1998). Social capital, intellectual capital, and the organizational advantage. Academy of Management Review 40(2), 242–266.
Nelson, K.M., & Cooprider, J.G. (1996). The contribution of shared knowledge to IS group performance, MIS Quarterly, 20(4), 409–429.
Nonaka, I., & Takeuchi (1995). The Knowledge-creation Company. New York: Oxford University Press.
Nonaka, I., Toyama, R., & Konno, N. (2000). SECI, ba and leadership: a unified model of dynamic knowledge creation. Long Range Planning, 33, 5-34
Polanyi, M. (1966). The Tacit Dimention. New York: Bantam Doubleday and Company
Powell, W. W., Koput, K. W., & Smith-Doerr, L. (1996). Interorganizational collaboration and the locus of innovation: Network of learning in biotechnology. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41, 116-145
Robbins, S. P. and Timothy, A. J. (2007). Organization Behavior, twelfth edition. Pearson international edition
Robinson, J. P., & Shaver, P. R. (1973). Measures of Psychological Attitudes. Ann Arbor, MI: Survey Research Center Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan
Salavou, H. (2002). Profitability in market-oriented SMEs: Does product innovation matter? European Journal of Innovation Management, 5(3), 164–171.
Schumpeter, J. A. (1934). The Theory of Economic Development (translation of 2nd German edn by Redvers Opie), Oxford University Press, London
Schumpeter, J. A. (1942). Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy. New York: Harper and Row
Senge, Peter. (1997). Sharing knowledge. Executive Excellence, 14(11), 17-18
Shaw, M. E. (1954). Group structure and the behavior of individuals in small groups. Journal Of Psychology 38, 139-149.
Snow, C. C., & Hrebiniak L. G. (1980). Strategy, distinctive competence, and organisational performance. Administrative Science Quarterly 25(June), 317–336.
Styhre A. (2002). The knowledge-intensive company and the economy of sharing: rethinking utility and knowledge management. Knowledge and Process Management, 9(4), 228–236.
Szulanski, G. (1996). Exploring stickiness: impediments to the transfer of best practice within the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 17(winter special issue), 27-43.
Thompson, Victor A. (1965). Bureaucracy and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 10, 1-20.
Thorelli, N.B. (1986). Networks: Between markets and hierarchies. Strategic Management Journal, 7, 37-51
Tichy, N. M., Tushman, M. L., & Fombrun, C. (1979). Social network analysis for organizations. Academy of Management Review, 4(4), 507-519
Tidd, J. B. J., Pavitt, K., & Bessant, J. R. (2001). Managing Innovation: Integrating Technological, Market and Organisational Change. London: Wiley.
Todorova, G., & Durisin, B. (2007). Absorptive capacity: valuing a reconceptualization. Academy of Management Review, 32(3), 774-786
Tsai, W. (2001). Knowledge transfer in intraorganizational networks: effects of network position and absorptive capacity on business unit innovation and performance. The Academy of Management Journal, 44(5), 996-1004.
Tsai, W., & Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social capital and value creation: the role of intrafirm networks. Academy of Management Journal, 41(4), 464-476
Tushman, M., and D. Nadler (1986). Organising for Innovation. California Management Review 28(3), 74–92.
Van den Bosch, F. A. J., Volberda, H. W., Boer, M. D. (1999). Coevolution of firm absorptive capacity and knowledge environment: Organization forms and combinative capabilities. Organization Science,10(5), 551-568
Van den Hooff, B., & Van Weenen, F. de L. (2004). Committed to share: Commitment and CMC Use as antecedents of knowledge sharing. Knowledge and Process Management, 11(1), 13-24.
Zaftman, Gerak, J., Duncan, R., & Holbek, J. (1973). Innovations and Organizations. New York: Wiley.
Zahra, S. A., & George, G. (2002). Absorptive capacity: A review, reconceptualization, and extension. Academy of Management Review, 27(2), 185-203