本論文旨在研究暨分析單相低壓配電變壓器之不同疊片鐵心的改良對於該變壓器的輸出實功率、輸入實功率、效率以及電壓調整率特性、損失降低等方面做評估，俾提升整體變壓器之運轉效率。

　　傳統單相低壓變壓器的疊片鐵心多為E型和I型的壓接組合，為免除疊合方式的不同，造成磁阻增加起見，E、I型鐵片間多採用交互換位以消除E、I間的接合線縫。本論文將以電磁場套裝模擬軟體分析不同改良型式疊片鐵心之特性，並求出最佳的改良尺寸數據，以作為未來生產高品質、高效率、低鐵損之單相配電變壓器的參考。

　　最後另以FORTRAN建構單相變壓器的模型，模擬單相變壓器的激磁突入電流，並與實測波形做比對和驗證。

　　The aim of this thesis is to analyze the influence of different lamination shape and its improvement on magnetic field distribution inside the iron core of single-phase transformers.

　　Traditionally, the laminated core is generally adopted and the laminated iron sheets are cut in E-shape and I-shape sheets to reduce core loss in the studied transformer. The reluctance of the magnetic flux path inside the iron core of the studied transformer is affected by the condition of press, shape of laminated core property, effective length and area of flux path. To reduce the reluctance between connection points, the E-shape and I-shape laminated sheets are interchanged to avoid obvious connection line between laminated sheets. This thesis is to simulate magnetic filed distribution of single-phase transformers using electromagnetic field software. The effectiveness of the improved E- and I-shape laminated core will be evaluated in depth for future design of single-phase low-voltage distribution transformers with high-quality, high efficiency, and low core loss.

　　For simulate the inrush current, another model of single-phase transformer written by FORTRAN is compared with experience in this thesis.

[1] E. Vassent, G. Meunier, and A. Foggia, Simulation of induction machines using complex magnetic finite element method coupled with the circuit equations,” IEEE Trans. Magnetics, vol. 27, no. 5, September 1991, pp. 4246-4249.

[2] R. De Weerdt and R. Belmans, ”Squirrel cage induction motor end effects using 2D and 3D finite elements,” IEE Conference on Electrical Machines and Drives, 1995, pp. 62-66.

[3] A. Bentounsi and A. Nicolas, “On line diagnosis of defaults on squirrel cage motors using FEM,” IEEE Trans. Magnetics, vol. 34, no. 5, September 1998, pp. 3511-3514.

[4] H. Kometani and K. Nakanishi, “3-D electro-magnetic analysis of a cage induction motor with rotor skew,” IEEE Trans. Energy Conversion, vol. 11, no. 2, June 1996, pp. 331-337.

[5] J. H. Lee, “Design solutions to minimize iron core loss in synchronous reluctance motor using Preisach model and FEM,” IEEE Trans. Magnetics, vol. 38, September 2002, pp. 3276-3278.

[6] J. H. Lee and D. S. Hyun, “Hysteresis analysis for the permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor by coupled FEM & Preisach modeling,” IEEE Trans. Magnetics, vol. 35, May 1999, pp. 1203-1206.

[7] J. H. Lee, J. C. Kim, and D. S. Hyun, “Dynamic characteristic analysis of synchronous reluctance motor considering saturation and iron loss by FEM,” IEEE Trans. Magnetics, vol. 34, September 1998, pp. 2629-2632.

[8] J. Pedra, L. Sainz, and R. Lopez, “Harmonic nonlinear transformer modeling,” IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, vol. 19, no. 2, 2004, pp. 884-890.

[9] A. Mae, K. Harada, Y. Ishihara, and T. Todaka, “A study of characteristic analysis of the three-phase transformer with step-lap wound-core,”IEEE Trans. Magnetics, vol. 38, no. 2, March 2002, pp. 829–832.

[10] M. Steurer and K. Frohlich, “The impact of inrush currents on the mechanical stress of high voltage power transformer coils,” IEEE Trans.
Power Delivery, vol. 17, no. 1, Jan. 2002, pp. 155-160.

[11] L. Luo, J. Li, and T. Tong, “Heat analysis of main
high-speed electric locomotive transformer tank using 3-D finite element method,” Proceedings
of the Fifth International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, 2001. ICEMS 2001, vol. 1, 18-20 Aug. 2001, pp. 250-253.

[12] J. Driesen, R. Belmans, and K. Hameyer, “The computation of the effects of harmonic currents on transformers using a coupled electromagnetic-Thermal FEM approach,” Ninth International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power, vol. 2, 1-4, Oct. 2000, pp. 720- 725.

[13] R. Tang, S. Wang, Y. Li, and X. Cui, “Transient simulation of power transformers using 3D finite element model coupled to electric circuit
equations,” IEEE Trans. Magnetics, vol. 36, no. 4, July 2000, pp. 1417-1420.

[14] C. Lee, and H.-K. Jung, “Nonlinear analysis of the three-phase transformer considering the anisotropy with voltage source,” IEEE Trans. Magnetics, vol. 36, no. 2, March 2000, pp. 491-499.

[15] T. Tran-Quoc and L. Pierrat, “An efficient non linear transformer model and its application to ferroresonance study,” IEEE Trans. Magnetics, vol. 31, no. 3, May 1995, pp. 2060-2063.

[16] V. Mehdi and C. Robet, “A method for modeling nonlinear core characteristics of transformers during transients,” IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, vol. 9, no. 4, Oct. 1994, pp. 1916-1925.

[17] T. Dreher and G. Meunier, “3D modeling of electromagnets fed by alternating voltage sources,” IEEE Trans. Magnetics, vol. 29, no. 2, March 1993, pp. 1341-1344.

[18] Mario Chiampi, L. Angelo, Negro, and M. Tartaglia, “A finite element method to compute three-dimensional magnetic field distribution in transformer cores,” IEEE Trans. Magnetics, vol. 16, no. 6, Nov. 1980, pp. 1413-1419.

[19] A. Ioffe, M. Thiel, A. Dreher, “Analysis of microstrip patch antennas on arbitrarily shaped multilayers,” IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, vol. 51, no. 8, Aug. 2003, pp. 1929-1935.

[20] Cham Kiong Queck, L. E. Davis, “Novel folding technique for planar ferrite-coupled-line circulators,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and
Techniques, vol. 52, no. 5, May 2004, pp. 1369-1374.

[21] S. Caspi, L. Chiesa, P. Ferracin, S. A. Gourlay, R. Hafalia, R. Hinkins, A. F. Lietzke, S. Prestemon, “Calculating quench propagation with ANSYS/sup/spl reg//,” IEEE Trans. Applied Superconductivity, vol. 13, no. 2, June 2003, pp. 1714-1717.

[22] R. Yamada, E. Marscin, Ang Lee, M. Wake, J. M. Rey, “2-D/3-D quench simulation using ANSYS for epoxy impregnated Nb/sub 3/Sn high field magnets,” IEEE Trans. Applied Superconductivity, vol. 13, no. 2, June 2003, pp. 1696-1699.

[23] A. H. El-Hag, S. H. Jayaram, E. A. Cherney, “Influence of shed parameters on the aging performance of silicone rubber insulators in salt-fog,” IEEE Trans. Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, vol. 10, no. 4, Aug. 2003, pp. 655-664.

[24] CEDRAT, FLUX2D Version 7.40 User’s Guide, June 1999.

[25] MAGSOFT, FLUX2D Version 7.2x Command Reference, 1993-98 Magsoft Corporation, 1998

[26] MAGSOFT, PREFLUX2D TEE Induction Motor Tutorial Version 2.2x, 1993-98 Magsoft Corporation, 1998.

[27] C. Larouci, J. P. Keradec, J. P. Ferrieux, L. Gerbaud, J. Roudet, “Copper losses of flyback transformer: search for analytical expressions,” IEEE Trans. Magnetics, vol. 39, no. 3, May 2003, pp. 1745-1748.

[28] E. Vinot, G. Donnier-Valentin, P. Tixador, G. Meunier, “AC losses in superconducting solenoids,” IEEE Trans. Applied Superconductivity, vol. 12, no. 2, June 2002, pp. 1790-1794.

[29] 賴要任、鐘國光編譯，電機電子有限元素法入門，全華圖書科技有限公司，民國77年11月初版。

[30] 彭榮芳，“有限元素法在電力變壓器磁場分析上之應用,”，國立台灣科技大學電機工程研究所，博士論文，民國83年。

[31] Z. Azzouz, A. Foggia, L. Pierrat, and G. Mwunier, “3D finite element computation of the high frequency parameters of power transformer
windings,” IEEE Trans. Magnetics, vol. 29, no. 2, 1993, pp. 1407-1410.

[32] G.. Aiello, S. Alfonzetti, and S. Coco, “Capacitance computation in symmetric multiconductor systems,” IEEE Trans. Magnetics, vol. 30, no. 5, 1994, pp. 2952-2955.

[33] C. M. Arturi, “Force calculation in transformer windings under unbalanced MMFs by nonlinear finite element code,”IEEE Trans. Magnetics, vol. 28, no. 2, 1992, pp. 1363-1369.

[34] S. Hoole, H. Ratnajeevan, P. Ratnamahilan, and P. Hoole, “On finite element force computation from two and three dimensional magnetostatic fields,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 57, no. 1, 1985, pp. 3850-3852.

[35] 莊二龍，高效率感應電機之特性分析，國立成功大學電機工程研究所碩士論文，民國92年6月。

[36] 大同技術委員會電力技術分會，大同重電技術第十八集，大同技術委員會，民國71年。