本論文針對高性能混合式電動機車，設計及實現一高可靠度、簡潔的，及低成本之專用驅動器。首先在不增加變頻器額外之電感及功率開關前提下，設計一適用於無刷直流發電機，具有昇壓功能之切換策略。在考慮電樞電阻及功率元件內阻下，建立功率轉換器之等效電路模型，並分析最大之昇壓比、平均電流、等效負載等重要參數。其次為了有效提昇驅動系統之可靠度，本論文提出一種可適用於無刷直流馬達及無刷直流發電機之新的無位置感測器之轉子位置估測電路。新的方法不須採用中性點電壓進行相電壓零交越點之偵測，可直接由馬達平均端電壓與比較器產生有用之電氣換向訊號。與國際間現有之無位置感測器估測技術比較，本論文所提之方法不須中性點電壓、多級濾波器、類比/數位轉換器及複雜的相位延遲電路。最後為了有效防止弱磁控制可能發生之永久去磁效應，本論文設計一具有多段變速功能之定子繞組，用來有效提昇無刷直流電機之定功率操作速比。由於本論文所提的方法並没有傳統無位置感測器轉子位置估測及弱磁控制之複雜的數學運算，因此不需使用高價的數位訊號處理器，可由低成本之可程式邏輯閘或微處理器實現所提之控制策略。由於實現之成本低且可靠度高，因此非常適用於對成本要求嚴格之應用場合，如電動腳踏車、電動代步車、電動機車、及混合式電動機車等。由理論之分析及實驗結果皆證實本論文所提之相關方法確實可行。

This study presents the design and implementation of a highly reliable, compact, and cost effective drive for hybrid electric scooters (HES). Firstly, a single-stage boost type alternator commutation is developed for the charging process based on the general inverter without additional power switches and inductors. The important characteristics such as maximum conversion ratio, average armature current, and equivalent load resistance are derived by considering the armature resistance of the alternator and the conduction resistance of the power switches. Secondly, in order to improve the reliability of the commutation process, a new cost effective sensorless control scheme for the brushless DC machine is proposed. Instead of detecting the zero crossing point of the non-excited phase back EMF to the neutral voltage, the commutation signals are extracted directly from the specific average line to line voltage using simple RC circuits and comparators in the proposed method. As a result, the neutral voltage, multi-stage analog filters, A/D converters, and the complex phase shift circuits which are indispensable in conventional solutions can be eliminated in the proposed approach. Finally, to avoid permanent de-magnetization which may occur when using a conventional flux weakening control (FWC), a new multi-speed winding is designed to extend the constant power speed ratio (CPSR). Because the complex calculations required in the conventional sensorless control techniques and FWC are eliminated, the costly DSP is not required. These attractive features suggest that the proposed approach is very suitable for cost sensitive applications such as electric bikes, electric scooters, HES, etc. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results have verified the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

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