本論文基於物聯網之架構，應用Zigbee無線傳輸技術結合自行研製之負載監控暨溫溼度感測硬體模組，達成用電管理暨環境感測系統建置，並於系統平台上設計即時監測、負載控制及資訊紀錄等功能，同時將排程規劃、環境調節及需量管制等用電管理策略列入設計考量，進而建構高彈性之負載管控機制，俾於達成提升能源使用效率之標的。而為驗證本系統設計之可行性及有效性，本文並以智慧家居為測試場域，經由應用情境模擬及平台功能之審慎驗證分析，其測試結果應足佐證本研製系統確已兼具環境感測及家居電能管理功能，對於融入物聯網之電能管理系統運行模式及研發方向，應具參考價值。

This thesis presents an integration of load management hardware module and thermal humidity sensor, where Zigbee wireless network is included to establish an energy management and environmental sensing system bases on the Internet-of-Things (IoT) structure. In this developed system platform, it is equipped with the functions of real-time monitoring, load control and data storage, in which the electricity management strategies consisting of electricity usage scheduling, environment regulation and demand response are all concerned. It is found that through this scheme design, the developed system comes with high flexibility along with the improved power consumption efficiency, achieving the goal energy conservation. In order to confirm the feasibility and practicality of the proposed system design, it has been simulated and tested under different scenarios. From the test results, they have demonstrated the effectiveness of this system on environment supervision and home appliance management applications, which is meanwhile served as the beneficial reference for electricity management operating model and future IoT development.

參考文獻
[1] International Energy Agency(IEA), “Climate & electricity annual 2011: data and analyses,” Organization for Economic, June 2011.
[2] M. Kranz, P. Holleis and A. Schmidt, “Embedded interaction: interacting with the Internet of Things”, IEEE Transactions on Internet Computing, Vol.14, pp. 46-53, April 2010.
[3] S. Darby, “The effectiveness of feedback on energy consumption,” Report of the Environmental Change Institute of Oxford University, pp. 3-4, April 2006.
[4] J. D. Li, M. X. Li and S. X. Hui, "Study on technology system of self-healing control in smart distribution grid," International Conference on Advanced Power System Automation and Protection, Beijing, China, pp.26-30, October. 2011.
[5] F. Bouhafs, M. Mackay and M. Merabti, "Links to the future: communication requirements and challenges in the smart grid," IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, vol.10, no.1, pp.24-32, January-February 2012.
[6] J. Han, H. Lee and K. R. Park, "Remote-controllable and energy-saving room architecture based on ZigBee communication," IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol.55, no.1, pp.264-268, February 2009.
[7] C. H. Lien, Y. W. Bai and M. B. Lin, “Remote-controllable power outlet system for home power management,” IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 52, No. 4, pp. 1634-1641, November 2007.
[8] D. M. Han; J. H. Lim, "Design and implementation of smart home energy management systems based on Zigbee," IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol.56, no.3, pp.1417-1425, August 2010.
[9] J. Han, C. S. Choi and I. Lee, "More efficient home energy management system based on ZigBee communication and infrared remote controls," IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol.57, no.1, pp.85-89, February 2011.
[10] B. Becker, A. Kellerer and H. Schmeck, "User interaction interface for Energy Management in Smart Homes," International Conference on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, pp. 16-20, January 2012.
[11] EPCglobal website: http://www.gs1.org/epcglobal
[12] International Telecommunication Union, “ITU Internet reports 2005: The Internet of Things”, International Telecommunication Union, November 2005.
[13] N. Koshizuka and K. Sakamura, "Ubiquitous ID: standards for ubiquitous computing and the Internet of Things," IEEE Pervasive Computing Magazine, vol.9, no.4, pp.98-101, October-December 2010.
[14] W. Dargie and C. Poellabauer, “Fundamentals of wireless sensor networks: theory and practice,” John Wiley & Sons Inc., September 2010.
[15] Q. Gao, Y. Zuo, Jun Zhang and X. H. Peng, "Improving energy efficiency in a wireless sensor network by combining cooperative MIMO with data aggregation," IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol.59, no.8, pp.3956-3965, October 2010.
[16] Y. C. Han, H. M. Li and J. H. Qiu, "The analysis and summary about energy saving technologies of wireless sensor network," International Conference on Electronic, Mechanical Engineering and Information Technology, vol.2, pp.883-885, August 2011.
[17] C. Alippi and C. Galperti, "An adaptive system for optimal solar energy harvesting in wireless sensor network nodes," IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems, vol.55, no.6, pp.1742-1750, July 2008.
[18] Y. K. Tan and S.K. Panda, "Self-autonomous wireless sensor nodes with wind energy harvesting for remote sensing of wind-driven wildfire spread," IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol.60, no.4, pp.1367-1377, April 2011.
[19] Y. Wang, "Study on model and architecture of self-organization wireless sensor network," International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing, Dalian, China, pp. 12-14 October 2008.
[20] A. Karnik and A. Kumar, "Distributed optimal self-organization in ad hoc wireless sensor networks," IEEE Transactions on Networking, vol.15, no.5, pp.1035-1045, October 2007.
[21] S. Veleva, D. Davcev and M. Kacarska, "Wireless smart platform for Home Energy Management System," International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, Manchester, England, pp. 5-7 December 2011.
[22] S. M. Yang; X. M. Wen, W. Zheng and Z. M. Lu, "Convergence architecture of Internet of Things and 3GPP LTE-A network based on IMS," Global Mobile Congress (GMC), Shanghai, China, pp. 17-18 October 2011.
[23] W. M. Zhang, "Study about IoT's application in digital agriculture construction," International Conference on Electrical and Control Engineering, Yichang , China, pp.2578-2581, September 2011.
[24] K. H. Su, J. Li and H. B. Fu, "Smart city and the applications," International Conference on Electronics, Communications and Control, Zhejiang, China, pp.1028-1031, September 2011.
[25] K. Gill, S. H. Yang, F. Yao and X. Lu, "A zigbee-based home automation system," IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol.55, no.2, pp.422-430, May 2009.
[26] C. Y. Leong, A. R. Ramli and T. Perumal, "A rule-based framework for heterogeneous subsystems management in smart home environment," IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol.55, no.3, pp.1208-1213, August 2009.
[27] D. M. Han and J. H. Lim, "Smart home energy management system using IEEE 802.15.4 and zigbee," IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol.56, no.3, pp.1403-1410, August 2010.
[28] N. Mehmood, Z. A. Ali, A. A. Sidiqui, M. Asif and S. Wasi, "Electronic meter reader and data base management system," International Conference on Information Technology and Artificial Intelligence, Chongqing, China, pp.68-71, August 2011.
[29] G. M. Song, Y. X. Zhou, W. J. Zhang and Aiguo Song, "A multi-interface gateway architecture for home automation networks," IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol.54, no.3, pp.1110-1113, August 2008.
[30] H. Saele and O. S. Grande, "Demand response from household customers: experiences from a pilot study in Norway," IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol.2, no.1, pp.102-109, March 2011.
[31] B. Wojszczyk, "Deployment of advanced Smart Grid solutions - global examples and lessons learned," International Conference on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, Washington , U.S.A., pp.1, 16-20 January 2012.
[32] Europe Super Smart Grid (SSG) website: http://www.supersmartgrid.net/
[33] J. H. Guo, "Study on the structure of electric power communication network of strong and Smart Grid in China," International Conference on Power System Technology, Hangzhou, China, pp.1-3, 24-28 October 2010.
[34] Zigbee Alliance, ”ZigBee overview wireless sensor networking“: https://docs.zigbee.org/zigbee-docs/dcn/11-5397.pdf
[35] ZigBee Alliance Document 094945r00ZB, “ZigBee specification”, January 2010.
[36] J. S. Lee, Y. W. Su and C. C. Shan, “A comparative study of wireless protocols: Bluetooth, UWB, ZigBee, and Wi-Fi,” Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Taipei, Taiwan, pp. 46-51, Nov. 2007.
[37] A. Oborina, M. Moisio, V. Koivunen, "Performance of mobile MIMO OFDM systems with application to UTRAN LTE downlink," IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, no.99, pp.1-11, June 2012.
[38] D. Pareit, B. Lannoo, I. Moerman, and P. Demeester, "The history of WiMAX: a complete survey of the evolution in certification and standardization for IEEE 802.16 and WiMAX," IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, no.99, pp.1-29, October 2011.
[39] 電流感測器(CTL-12-S30-20Z): http://www.u-rd.com/products/CTL-12-
S30-20Z.html#detail_tab
[40] Jennic JN5148 board datasheet: http://www.nxp.com/documents/data_sh
eet/JN-DS-JN5148-1v7.pdf
[41] 固態繼電器(KT20C16A): http://www.kyotto.com/KT20C08A.htm
[42] Sensirion SHT71 digital humidity and temperature sensor datasheet: http://www.sensirion.com/fileadmin/user_upload/customers/sensirion/Dokumente/Humidity/Sensirion_Humidity_SHT7x_Datasheet_V5.pdf
[43] 楊哲彰，施柏宇，董盈，陳崑漢，” 應用無線感測器網路建構環境溫濕度監測系統，”元智大學老人福祉科技中心研究報告，2008年12月。
[44] Jennic JN5148 Zigbee module datasheet: http://www.jennic.com/files/
product_briefs/JN-DS-JN5148MO-1v4.pdf
[45] Eclipse integrated development environment: http://www.eclipse.org/
[46] Jennic Zigbee Stack Manual: http://www.jennic.com/files/support_files/
JN-UG-3017-ZigBeeStackUserGuide-1v6.pdf
[47] 經濟部能源局電力排放係數公告:http://www.moeaboe.gov.tw/ promote/
greenhouse/PrGHMain.aspx?PageId=pr_gh_list
[48] C. M. Liu, J. C. Lin and M. L. Liou, “Estimation of Carbon Dioxide Sequestration by Forestation”, E-Journal of Global Change and Sustainable Development, Vol. 1, No. 2, July 2007.
[49] 中央氣象局，舒適度指標:http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/education/annou
nce/PDFfile/observe2.pdf