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研究生: 可沙美
Juthamard Kotchasit
論文名稱: The Influence of Virtual Agent Gender and Product Gender Fit on Trust-Based Model Toward Purchase Intention
The Influence of Virtual Agent Gender and Product Gender Fit on Trust-Based Model Toward Purchase Intention
指導教授: 張巍勳
Chang, Wei-Shiun
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 國際經營管理研究所
Institute of International Management
論文出版年: 2022
畢業學年度: 110
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 83
外文關鍵詞: Fittingness, Source Credibility, Source Attractiveness, Computers are social actors (CASA) paradigm, Self-concept theory, Trust, Purchase intention
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  • Currently, the rise of online shopping upon the growth of internet sales transformed several companies driving the business more digitally. To stay competitive, many companies continually improve their online shopping platform to maintain the relationship with customers and increase potential customers. To enhance the relationship with customers, the design of website’s salesperson who is a representative plays a crucial role. This research study aimed to help practitioners who work in the field of online marketing to design the right virtual agent which is a salesperson in e-commerce that posited similarly as an influencer who recommended the products related. This research study focused on how customers perceived fit of virtual agent gender and product gender on source credibility (expertise, authenticity), source attractiveness (physical attractiveness, homophily) toward trust, and purchase intention. Hence, to connect the representative’s gender and virtual world, the self-concept theory and computers are social actor (CASA) were applied. A trust-based model of influencer was used as mediator in order to examine relationship of fittingness of virtual agent gender and product gender that influences trust leads to purchase intention. The experimental design (2×3 factorial design) was used to investigate the group of virtual agent genders and product genders for testing a hypothesis in a precise way. The result shown the supported hypotheses that was the positive relationship between constructs.
    The findings also suggested that the higher fittingness of virtual agent gender and product gender occurred when pairing male and female virtual agent with masculine and feminine products respectively. Regarding the overall result of neutral product, it can be seen that male virtual agent has higher fit compared to female virtual agent.

    ABSTRACT ................... I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................... III TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................... IV LIST OF TABLES ........................................................... VII LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................. IX CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION .............................................. 1 1.1 Research Background. .................................................. 1 1.2 Research Motivation. ................................................... 5 1.3 Research Gap. ............................................ 6 1.4 Research Objective. ...................................................... 7 1.5 Research Questions. ................................................................ 7 CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW....................... 8 2.1 Theoretical Background. ...................... 8 2.1.1 Self-Concept Theory. ..................................... 8 2.1.2 Anthropomorphism as an Agent. ........................ 10 2.1.3 Computers are Social Actor Paradigm (CASA). ................................. 11 2.1.4 Fittingness. ......................................................... 12 2.1.5 Source Credibility (Expertise and Authenticity). ............... 13 2.1.5 Source Attractiveness (Physical Attractiveness and Homophily). ...... 16 2.1.6 Trust. .................................................. 19 2.1.7 Purchase Intention. .................................. 20 2.2 Hypothesis Development. ............................................... 21 2.2.1 The Fittingness of Virtual Agent Gender and Product Gender, Expertise, Authenticity, Physical Attractiveness, and Homophily. ...... 21 2.2.2 Expertise, Authenticity, Physical attractiveness, Homophily, and Trust....................................................... 23 2.2.3 Trust and Purchase Intention. ...... 26 CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY ...................... 28 3.1 Research Framework. .................................... 28 3.2 Summary of Hypotheses. ..................................... 28 3.3 Experimental Design. ............................................... 29 3.3.1 Defining Product Gender. ..................................... 29 3.3.2 Design of Human-Like Virtual Agents for a Website. ......................... 29 3.3.3 Study Procedure. ................................................ 31 3.3.4 Preliminary Test. ...................................................... 34 3.4 Construct Measurements. .............................................. 34 3.4.1 Measurement of Perceived Fit. .................................... 34 3.4.2 Measurement of Source Credibility. ............................. 35 3.4.3 Measurement of Source Attractiveness. ........................... 35 3.4.4 Measurement of Trust. ................................................. 36 3.4.5 Measurement of Perceived Purchase Intention ........................ 37 3.5 Study Sample and Data Collection. ........................... 37 3.6 Data Analysis. ............................................ 38 3.6.1 Descriptive Statistic. ............................ 38 3.6.2 Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). ........................ 39 3.6.3 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). ................................. 39 3.6.4 T-test Statistic. .......................................... 39 CHAPTER FOUR RESEARCH RESULTS ..................................... 41 4.1 Summary of Hypotheses. .................................... 41 4.2 Product Defining Result. ........................................... 42 4.2.1 Respondent Demographics. ................................... 42 4.3.1 Manipulation Check. ............................................ 46 4.3.2 Sample Demographics. .................................... 46 4.3.3 Descriptive Statistic Analysis. ..................................... 48 4.4 Data Analysis and Results (Main Study). .................................. 50 4.4.1 Reliability and Validity. ................................................ 50 4.4.2 Hypothesis Test. ...................................................... 53 4.4.3 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). ................................ 54 4.4.4 T-test Statistic ............................................ 56 CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS ........................................ 60 5.1 Research Discussion and Conclusion. ...................................... 60 5.2 Theoretical Implication. .......................................... 64 5.3 Managerial Implication.................................... 66 5.4 Limitations and Future Research Suggestion. ........................ 67 REFERENCES ................................................................ 69 APPENDICES ...................... 80 Appendix 1: Fifty five products refer to (Tak et al., 2019) .................... 80 Appendix 2: The screenshots of male and female virtual agent and product. .. 81

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