台灣西南海域涵蓋諸多重要國際商港與能源港埠，然而該海域頻繁受遠洋天氣系統傳遞之湧浪（Swell）侵襲。湧浪挾帶之低頻能量易引發港灣共振，對大型船舶之繫泊安全與裝卸作業構成嚴重威脅。本研究首先利用 2025 年台灣周遭海氣象浮標之全年連續觀測數據，掌握台灣周遭海域湧浪之基本特性，接著以彌陀浮標為代表，針對台灣西南海域湧浪之時空特性進行系統性分析。研究對比「經驗法」與「風湧浪分離法」在湧浪辨識上之差異，分析結果顯示，在複雜混合海況中，經驗法易受高頻風浪主導而低估湧浪發生機率；而風湧浪分離法則透過分割波譜，能有效還原被風浪掩蓋的低頻成份，凸顯其在辨識隱性湧浪上具備必要性。彌陀海域分析顯示，台灣西南海域湧浪具備顯著的季節性，集中於 6 月至 10 月；在規模與來向上，該海域最頻繁遭遇的是波高介於 1.5 至 2.5 公尺之中小型湧浪（佔 74.89%），其波浪來向以 210° 至 240° 之間為最大宗；於湧浪好發期間，湧浪能量百分比高度集中於 90% 至 100%。在空間傳遞機制方面，當遠洋湧浪侵入台灣海峽時，具備顯著「由南向北」遞減與遞延之特徵。位於最南端的鵝鑾鼻與小琉球海域首當其衝，易觀測到較大波高與週期，且波峰最先抵達；隨著波浪向北傳遞至彌陀與七股海域，受地形等影響，波高與週期遞減，且波峰到達時間呈現延遲。綜合上述，本研究具體釐清了台灣西南海域湧浪之生成時機、規模能量與動態傳遞規律等，期能為實務管理提供科學依據，進而全面提升港灣營運與海岸工程之防災韌性。

The southwestern waters of Taiwan, hosting critical commercial and energy ports, are frequently threatened by distant swells that trigger harbor resonance and disrupt vessel operations. This study utilizes continuous 2025 buoy data to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of swells in this region, focusing primarily on the Mituo buoy. Comparing identification methods reveals that the "empirical method" often underestimates swell occurrences in complex mixed seas due to the dominance of high-frequency wind waves. Conversely, the "wind-sea and swell separation method" effectively extracts hidden low-frequency components by partitioning the wave spectrum, proving essential for accurate swell identification. Analysis of the Mituo waters indicates strong seasonality, with swells highly concentrated from June to October. In terms of scale and direction, the most frequently encountered waves are small-to-medium swells between 1.5 and 2.5 meters (accounting for 74.89%), predominantly arriving from 210° to 240°. During peak periods, swell energy dictates 90% to 100% of the total wave energy. Spatially, distant swells entering the Taiwan Strait exhibit a prominent "south-to-north" decay and delay. Southernmost areas (Eluanbi and Xiaoliuqiu) encounter swells first, experiencing larger wave heights and periods. As waves propagate northward to Mituo and Qigu, heights and periods dissipate due to topographical effects, resulting in delayed peak arrivals. This study clarifies the dynamics of swell generation, scale, and propagation, providing a solid scientific foundation to comprehensively enhance the disaster resilience of port operations and coastal engineering.

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