本論文提出一「雙級複金屬燈電子式安定器」，電路架構之前級為昇壓型轉換器與昇/降壓型轉換器所構成的單開關雙組輸出整合型轉換器；後級為半橋換流器以低頻方波驅動高強度氣體放電燈，避免燈管產生音頻共振。當昇/降壓型轉換器操作於不連續導通模式下，藉由偵測匯流排電壓與電感電流訊號的準位平移方法達成定功率控制。本論文分析雙級複金屬電子式安定器架構之特性、動作原理與設計流程。最後實作一可操作於90~264 Vrms之70 W複金屬燈電子式安定器以驗證理論之正確性。實驗結果顯示，當輸入電壓為90~264 Vrms¬時，燈管功率變化為± 4.22%，輸入電壓為110 Vrms時，功率因數為0.97，整體安定器最高效率為85.86%。

A “Two-stage electronic ballast for metal halide lamps” is proposed in this thesis. The front stage is a single-switch two-output integrated converter, which is a combination of boost converter and buck-boost converter. The post stage is half-bridge inverter, which is used to drive the metal halide lamp with a low-frequency square-wave current to avoid acoustic resonance. When buck-boost converter is operated in discontinuous conduction mode, the constant lamp power control can be achieved with the level-shift method by sensing dc-bus voltage and inductor current signals. The operating principles and design guidelines of the proposed topology are presented. Finally, a laboratory prototype of 70 W electronic ballast for MH lamp with 90~264 Vrms universal input voltage is implemented to verify the feasibility. The experimental results show the variation of lamp power is ± 4.22% under 90~264 Vrms universal input voltage. The power factor is 0.97 at 110 Vrms ¬AC input voltage and the maximum efficiency of the ballast is 85.86%.

[1]王啟川等，「能源科技研究開發白皮書」，經濟部能源局，民國九十六年。
[2]M. Sugiura, “Review of metal-halide discharge-lamp development 1980-1992,” IEE Proc. Science, Measurement and Technology, vol. 140, no. 6, pp. 443-449, Nov. 1993.
[3]蔡慶龍，「低功率複金屬燈周邊裝置」，工研院能資所研究報告，民國九十二年。
[4]「大樓辦公室商業空間照明」，飛利浦照明，1994~1995。
[5]E. Deng and S. Cuk, “Negative incremental impedance and stability of fluorescent lamps,” in Proc. IEEE APEC’97, Feb. 1997, vol. 2, pp. 1050-1056.
[6]R. Osorio, M. Ponce, and M. A. O. Centro, “Simplified thermal-electric dynamic model for HID lamps,” in Proc. IEEE PESC’04, 2004 , vol. 4, pp. 2713-2718.
[7]馮鑰文，「複金屬燈之音頻共振現象探討」，國立中山大學電機工程學系碩士論文，民國九十四年五月。
[8]宋明俊，「複金屬燈特性研究」，國立中山大學電機工程學系碩士論文，民國八十九年六月。
[9]翁駿德，「博物館節能改善規劃與照明光源適用性探討」，科技博物，民國九十七年九月。
[10]復旦大學電光源實驗室，「電光源原理」，上海人民出版社，1976。
[11]W. Yan, Y. K. E. Ho, and S. Y. R. Hui, “Stability study and control methods for small-wattagehigh-intensity-discharge (HID) lamps,” IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 1522-1530, Sept-Oct. 2001.
[12]R. L. Lin and Z. Q. Wang, “2.65-MHz Self-Oscillating Electronic Ballast With Constant-Lamp-Current Control for Metal Halide Lamp,” IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 839-844, May 2007.
[13]C. A. Cheng, T. J. L iang, C. M. Chuang, and J. F. Chen, “A high power factor electronic ballast of projector lamps with variable frequency control,” in Proc. IEEE PESC’02, June 2002, vol. 1, pp. 23-27.
[14]D. J. Oh, K. M. Cho, and H. J. Kim, “Development of a digital controller using a novel complex modulation method for the metal halide lamp ballast,” IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vo1. 18, no. 1, pp. 390-400, Jan. 2003.
[15]J. Q. Wang, D. G. Xu, and H. Yang, “Low-frequency sine wave modulation of 250 W high-frequency metal halide lamp ballasts,” in Proc. IEEE APEC’04, 2004, vol. 2, pp. 1001-1007.
[16]C. S. Moo, C. K. Huang, and C. Y. Yang, “Acoustic-Resonance-Free High-Frequency Electronic Ballast for Metal Halide Lamps,” IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 3653-3660. Oct. 2008.
[17]J. M. Alonso, J. Ribas, M. R. Secades, J. Garcia, J. Cardesin, and M. A. D. Costa, “Evaluation of high-frequency sinusoidal waveform superposed with third harmonic for stable operation of metal halide lamps,” IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, vol. 41, no. 3, May-June. 2005.
[18]H. Li, M. Shen, Y. Jiang, and Z. Qian, “A novel low-frequency electronic ballast for HID lamps,” IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 1401-1408, Sept-Oct. 2005.
[19]M. Ponce, A. Lopez, J. Correa, J. Arau, and J. M. Alonso, “Electronic ballast for HID lamps with high frequency square waveform to avoid acoustic resonances,” in Proc. IEEE APEC’01, March. 2001, vol. 2, pp. 658-663.
[20]S. T. Chen and L. L. Lee, “Optimized design of the electronic ballast for metal halide lamps,” in Proc. IEEE APEC’04, 2004, vol. 2, pp. 991-996.
[21]R. L. Lee and J. Y. Huang, “Stability Analysis of the Three-Stage Electronic Ballast for Metal Halide Lamp,” in Proc. IEEE PESC’06, June. 2006, pp. 1-7.
[22]D. van Casteren, M Hendrix and, J. L. Duarte, “Observer based ceramic HID lamp control,” in Proc. IEEE IAS’08, Oct. 2008, pp. 1-8.
[23]蕭建忠，「複金屬燈電子式安定器」，國立中央大學光電科學研究所碩士論文，民國九十四年。
[24]International Electromechanical Commission IEC 61000-3-2 Class-C standards: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) part 3-2: limits for harmonic current emissions. 2005.
[25]Y. D. Lee and R. L. Lin, “Constant power control based self-oscillating electronic ballast,” in Proc. IEEE APEC’05, March. 2005, vol. 1, pp. 589-595.
[26]J. Xu, M. Chen, T. Zhang, and Z. Qian, “A constant power control strategy of electronic ballast for HID lamp,” in Proc. IEEE IAS’06,Oct. 2006, vol. 3, pp. 1099-1102.
[27]C. A. Cheng, K. J. Lin, and K. L. Chu, “An electronic ballast with digitally constant power control for supplying automotive HID lamps,” in Proc. IEEE ICSET’08, Nov. 2008, pp. 1047-1052.
[28]S. Fongrut and I. Boonyaroonate, “Constant power control for high power factor electronic ballast high power metal halide lamp,” in Proc. IEEE ECTL’08, May. 2008, vol. 2, pp. 981-984.
[29]Y. Jiang, J. Zhou, and Z. Qian, “A novel single stage single switch PFC converter with constant power control for ballast for medium HID lamps,” in Proc. IEEE IAS’00, Oct. 2000, vol. 5, pp. 3415-3418.
[30]Z. Weiqiang and X. Dianguo, “Novel constant power control of electronic ballast for HPS lamps,” in Proc. IEEE ICIT’02, Dec. 2002, vol. 1, pp. 129-132.
[31]C. M. Huang, T. J. Liang, R. L. Lin, and J. F. Chen, “A novel constant power control circuit for HID electronic ballast,” IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 854-862, May. 2007.
[32]D. S. L. Simonetti, J. L. F. Viera, and G. C. D. Sousa, “Modeling of the high-power-factor discontinuous boost rectifiers,” IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 46, no. 4, Aug. 1999.
[33]UC3844 Datasheet, Texas Instrument, 1999.
[34]IR2153 Datasheet, International Rectifier, 2005.