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研究生: 林佳慶
Lin, Chia-Ching
論文名稱: 土木工程施工區域判釋於三維地圖點雲
Construction Area Detection in Civil Engineering based on 3D Point Cloud Analysis
指導教授: 彭兆仲
Peng, Chao-Chung
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 航空太空工程學系碩士在職專班
Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics (on the job class)
論文出版年: 2022
畢業學年度: 110
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 80
中文關鍵詞: 三維點雲建模土木施工範圍檢測
外文關鍵詞: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, 3D Point Cloud Modeling, Construction Region Detection
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  • 本研究利用無人飛行載具空中拍攝之垂直正拍影像以及衛星定位儀(GPS)地面控制點的佈設做為建圖材料,透過商用套裝軟體Agisoft Metashaperup進行影像後製處理產製三維地形點雲。以1-2月為周期自2019年起至2021年為止,固定建構臺北市文山森林公園三維地形點雲,完整留下文山森林公園施工前、施工中、施工後之三維地形點雲。
    接著利用多期三維地形點雲,其帶有空間座標以及顏色的特性,利用統計與分析找出施工區域點雲特性,包含鄰近點高度標準差、鄰近點前後期絕對高度差、鄰近點顏色,另透過實驗律定這三種特性鑑別是否為施工區域的閥值,最後透過閥值的鑑別找出三維地形點雲中正在施工的範圍,其中施工之定義依需求單位要求為伐樹整地、設施建設、加深開挖。
    透過每期施工的範圍的偵測,當期施工面積得以量化,工程管考人員得以針對正在施工的區域聚焦考核,解決了以往二維平面影像不具有深度,無法正確辨識施工範圍的問題,省下了大量人員現地巡檢的成本,也加速了工程管考的審查。

    This research intended to develop a detection strategy for construction region in hillside development, construction region includes site access for construction, grading works and felling trees. By taking aerial photo and placing ground control point to build 3D point cloud of a park construction. After building time series of 3D point cloud from 2019 to 2021, recording whole terrain state among construction period. Construction region can be detected and monitored after analysis twenty period of 3D point cloud.
    Defining three types threshold values with properties of 3D point cloud, include geographic coordinates and color. Threshold types is defined as relative neighbor height, absolute neighbor height and color of neighbor. Distinguishing each point from raw to constructed region by threshold values. Once the status of point can be confirmed, construction region can be located and quantify size, hot spot of construction between period of point would be found out, construction region and area are valuable information for supervisor and achieving a cost reduction of patrol inspection.

    摘要 i 誌謝 vii 目錄 viii 表目錄 ix 圖目錄 x 第1章 緒論 1 1.1. 研究動機 1 1.2. 研究目標 2 1.3. 論文架構 2 第2章 實驗器材與研究方法 3 2.1. 無人飛行載具 3 2.2. 飛行任務規劃 4 2.3. 使用衛星定位儀於地面控制點測量 6 2.4. 點雲地圖位置與範圍 9 2.5. 影像後製處理三維場域地圖創建技術 11 2.6. 成果幾何偏差檢核 18 第3章 點雲處理 21 3.1. 多時期土木工程施工範圍點雲 21 3.2. 點雲地圖計算點律定 26 3.3. 鄰近點高度標準差、前後期高度差以及顏色鑑別閥值律定 28 3.4. 鑑別結果 40 3.5. 結果驗證 45 第4章 實驗結果 65 第5章 結論 74 參考文獻 75 附錄A 電子計算機於土木水利工程應用研討會論文 76

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