| 研究生: |
陳逸群 Chen, Yi-Chun |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
套管式離岸風力發電基座受波流水動力之負載及沖刷試驗研究 Effects of Wave and Current Interaction on the Offshore Jacket-Type Wind Turbine Foundation |
| 指導教授: |
黃煌煇
Hwung, Hwung-Hweng |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 水利及海洋工程學系 Department of Hydraulic & Ocean Engineering |
| 論文出版年: | 2009 |
| 畢業學年度: | 97 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 73 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 風力發電基座 、套管式 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Wind Turbine Foundation, Jacket-Type |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:104 下載:5 |
| 分享至: |
| 查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本研究主要係以實驗觀察離岸套管式風力機基座在水下所受波、流影響下的波力與其基礎週遭所受到的沖刷情形,實驗主要選取平均潮位,以做基礎的拖曳力係數,慣性力係數,KC數等基本研究。而沖刷部分則是觀察季風波條件與颱風波條件並佐以流速以觀測其對於樁柱的沖刷範圍及沖刷的深度影響,水位則採用最低低潮位因其對於底床作用力也最大。
波力部分,在基座上測得壓力值隨著週期增大而增大,增加潮流狀態則比無潮流狀態大。整體趨勢顯示出受力狀況以KC=13為分水嶺。KC<13時受到拖曳力係數造成影響比較大,而KC>13時則是受到慣性力係數影響較大。而基座最大受力隨著波浪尖銳度及潮流的影響增大而明顯的增加。
沖刷部份,則是在季風波浪條件作用下沖刷較淺且範圍約1~2倍柱體直徑。颱風波條件作用下則是沖刷較深且範圍有明顯的擴大趨勢往基座週遭約3 ~ 4倍樁徑範圍沖刷。有潮流的情況下,迎流面基座會與波浪有較強大的交互作用,侵蝕深度較快也較深。而背流面基座則因為有遮蔽的關係相對較小。以上四種條件其最大沖刷深度樁徑比符合與Hotta and Mauri (1976)的實驗。
In this study, the experimental observation of Jacket-Type off-shore wind turbine and scouring of the base type suffered from wave and current interaction in the underwater waves is conducted. The primal experiments are controlled on average tide, for the studies of coefficient of drag force, inertia force coefficient, and KC number respectively. And the scouring observation part of monsoon and typhoon conditions and combined current to observe the scouring piles. The lowest water level is used due to the related greatest force for bed.
The wave force measured in the base pressure increases with the wave period, and the measure increases in current state will be larger than that of without current state. The overall trend shows that the force KC = 13 as a watershed. KC <13 the drag coefficient is subject to relatively large impact, and KC> 13 the inertia force coefficient is subject to relatively large impact. The largest force on the base increases with wave steepness and current increased significantly.
The scouring during the monsoon waves conditions is shallow and about 1 ~ 2 times the cylinder diameter. The scouring of typhoon conditions is deeper and significantly expand the scope of the trend around the base to about 3 ~ 4 times the cylinder diameter. With the current state, facing the current side will have a more powerful wave interaction, and scouring depth is also deeper fast. Back of the current side are relatively small because the shelter. The four conditions above the maximum scour depth and pile diameter ratio are coincident in line with the Hotta and Mauri (1976).
1.Breusers, H.N.C., Nicollet, G. and Shen, H.W.(1977): Local scour around cylindrical piers, Journal Hydraulic Res., Vol. 15, P. 211-252.
2.De Bruyn, C.A.(1988): Scour near platform pier due to current and breaking waves (in Dutch), Dept. of Coastal Eng., Delft Univ. Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
3.Hudson, R.Y., et al. (1979): Coastal hydraulic models, Special Rep. No. 5, U.S. corps of engineers, CERC.
4.Hotta, S. and Mizugushi, M.(1980): A field study of waves in surf zone, Coastal Engineering in Japan, Vol. 23.
5.Herbich, J.B., Schiller, R.E., Jr., Watanabe, R.K. and Dunlap, W.A.(1984): Seafloor Scour. Design Guidelines for Ocean-Founded Structures, Marcell Dekker, Inc., New York, NY, xiv+320 p.
6.Hughes, S.A.(1993): Physical Models and Laboratory Techniques in Coastal Engineering. World Scientific.
7.Jensen, B.L., Sumer, B.M., Jensen, R. and Fredse, J.(1990): Flow around and forces on a pipeline near a scoured bed in steady current. Trans. ASME, J. Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, Vol. 112, 206-213.
8.J. Wienke, H. Oumeraci,(2005):Breaking wave impact force on a vertical and inclined slender pile theoretical and large-scale model investigations, Coastal Engineering 52 (2005) 435– 462
9.Keulegan, G.H. and Carpenter, L.G. (1958): Forces on cylinders and plates in an oscillating fluid, J. Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Vol. 60, No. 5, Research paper 2857, pp. 423-440.
10.Lim, S. Y. (1997): Equilibrium clear-water scour around an abutment. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, Vol. 123, No. 3.
11.Leo C. Van Rijn (1998): Principles of Coastal Morphology, Aqua Publications, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
12.Morison, J.R., O’Brien, M.P., Johnson, J.W. and Schaaf, S.A.(1950): The forces exerted by surface waves on piles, J. Petrol. Technol., Petroleum Transactions, AIME, 189: 149-154.
13.Mehaute, B.I. (1976): An Introduction to hydrodynamics and water waves, Springer Verlag, New York.
14.Melville, B.W. (1997): Pier and abutment scour: integrated approach. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, Vol. 123, No. 2.
15.Melville, B.W. and Sutherland, A.J. (1988): Design method for local scour at bridge piers. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 114, No. 10.
16.Morten Huseby, John Grue (2000) :An experimental investigation of higher harmonic wave forces on a vertical cylinder, J. Fluid Mech. (2000), vol. 414, pp. 75-103.
17.Oumeraci H. (1984): Scale effects in coastal hydraulic models. Symposium on scale effects in modeling hydraulic structure. International association for hydraulic research.
18.Sarpkaya, T. (1975): Forces on Cylinder and Spheres in an Oscillating Fluid, J. Applied Mechanics ASME Vol. 42.
19.Sumer, B.M., Jensen, R., Mao, Y. and Fredse, J. (1988): The effect of lee-wake on scour below pipelines in current. J. Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, ASCE, vol. 114, No. 5, 599-614.
20.Sumer, B.M., Jensen, B.L. and Fredse, J. (1992): Pressure measurements around a pipeline exposed to combined waves and current. Proc. 11th offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering Conf., Calgary, Canada, June 7-11, V-A: 113-121.
21.Sumer, B.M., et al. (1993): Influence of cross-section on wave scour around piles, P. 477-495, Journal of Waterways, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 119, No. 5.
22.Sumer, B.M. and Fredse, J. (1996): Scour around pipelines in combined waves and current. Proc. 7th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, vol. 5, pp. 595-602.
23.Sumer, B.M., Truelsen, C., Sichmann, T. and Fredse, J. (2001 a): Onset of scour below pipelines and selfburial. Coastal Engineering, vol. 42, 4, 213-235.
24.Sumer, B.M., Whitehouse, R.J.S. and Torum, A. (2001 b): Scour around coastal structures. A summary of recent reearch. Coastal Engineering.
25.Sumer, B.M. and Fredse, J. (2002): The Mechanics of Scour in the Marine Environment. Advanced Series on Ocean Engineering Vol. 17, World Scientific.
26.Kai Irschiki, Uwe Sparboom, Hocine Oumeraci,(2002):Breaking Wave Characteristucs for the Loading, Proc. of the 28th Int. Conf. Coastal Eng., Cardiff, 2002.
27.Shen-Shu Chang, Ph.D., Utilizing Proven Offshore Technology (Oil & Gas Industry) to Taiwan Offshore Wind Power Development .( P.E. & F. ASCE J. Ray McDermott Engineering Houston, Texas, USA April 10, 2009 )