簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 張哲豪
Chang, Jer-Haur
論文名稱: 結合網際網路與可程式控制器於 混合發電/儲能系統之遠端即時監控
Real-Time Remote Monitoring and Control of a Hybrid Generation/Energy Storage System Using Internet and Programmable Logic Controller
指導教授: 王醴
Wang, Li
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2006
畢業學年度: 94
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 148
中文關鍵詞: 可程式控制器網際網路混合發電/儲能系統
外文關鍵詞: internet, programmable logic controller, hybrid power generation/energy storage system
相關次數: 點閱:75下載:5
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 本文旨在提出一套混合發電/儲能之系統,並以可程式控制器為控制核心,結合網際網路對該系統作能量管理之遠端電力即時監控,提高混合再生能源系統之穩定性。本論文以網際網路為研究基礎架構,搭配個人電腦、可程式控制器、多功能數位電力表頭來進行電力參數量測與蒐集,使該系統具資料收集與監控之功能。在該混合發電/儲能系統中,是人機介面之圖控軟體InTouch做觸控、顯示連結與動態資料交換,使具資料擷取、警報訊息、趨勢圖,來達成系統之電力監控功能。進而搭配校園網際網路,以有效地傳送至遠方監控中心的電腦做資料分析及控制。
    本論文中,以實測該混合再生發電/儲能系統,並分析整體再生能源之相關發電依據,來驗證所提出來的系統之整合可用性,且滿足再生能源併聯電力系統之基本規範。

    The aim of this thesis is to propose a hybrid power generation/energy storage system using a programmable logic controller (PLC) with internet to manage various renewable energy resources. The thesis describes an internet-based framework system, which consists of personal computer, programmable logic controller (PLC), and multi-function digital power meter that measure and collect power parameters, for data acquisition and monitoring. Inside the hybrid power generation/energy storage system, a software program, InTouch, acts as a human-computer interface to implement various tasks such as touched control, connection display, and dynamic data interchange, etc., so that it can perform data acquisition, alarm warning, and dynamic plots to meet the requirements of a power monitoring and control system.
    In this thesis, experimental measured results of the studied hybrid power generation/energy storage system are obtained and analyzed to validate the feasibility of the proposed monitoring and control system as well as to meet the codes and regulations of grid-connected renewable energy resources.

    中文摘要 I 英文摘要 II 誌謝 III 目錄 V 表目錄 IX 圖目錄 X 符號索引 XV 第一章 緒論 1 1-1 研究背景 1 1-2 研究動機 2 1-3 相關文獻回顧 5 1-4 本論文的貢獻 10 1-5 內容大綱 11 第二章 混合發電/儲能系統之數學模型 13 2-1 前言 13 2-2 感應發電機之基本原理 13 2-3 感應發電機之數學模型分析 16 2-3-1 市電倂聯型感應發電機之0-d-q數學模型 16 2-3-2 市電倂聯型感應發電機之a-b-c數學模型 20 2-4 臨界電容值之分析與求解 22 2-5 自激式感應發電機經整流器與蓄電池最小自激電容之特性分析 26 2-6 Fuzzy 控制器之原理分析 27 2-6-1 Fuzzy 控制器之組成 27 2-7 實驗機組之參數量測 32 2-8 光伏系統之數學模型 36 2-9 交流/直流轉換器之數學模型 38 2-9-1 交流/直流轉換器之d-q軸數學模型 38 2-9-2 交流/直流轉換器之a-b-c軸數學模型 39 2-10 直流/交流轉換器之數學模型 41 2-10-1 直流/交流轉換器之d-q軸數學模型 41 2-10-2 直流/交流轉換器之a-b-c軸數學模型 42 2-11 燃料電池之數學模型 43 2-12 不斷電系統之數學模型 43 第三章 混合發電/儲能系統之硬體設計與特性分析 45 3-1 前言 45 3-2 混合發電/儲能系統架構 45 3-3 可程式控制器之基本原理 46 3-4 太陽能之工作原理 48 3-4-1 太陽能電池之特性分析 49 3-5 燃料電池之發電原理 53 3-5-1 燃料電池的分類 54 3-6 不斷電系統之工作原理 56 3-6-1 不斷電系統的分類 57 3-7 Mach Smart-多功能電力錶頭之基本原理 62 3-8 直流錶頭之動作原理 63 3-9 RS-232與RS-485之通訊介面 64 3-10 遠端資料擷取模組之基本原理 65 第四章 混合發電/儲能系統之監控軟體設計 67 4-1 前言 67 4-2 混合發電/儲能系統之軟體設計原理 67 4-2-1 人機介面之設計原理 68 4-2-2 OMRON Fins Gateway之特性分析 70 4-3 網際網路通訊原理 72 4-4 Internet與TCP/IP 協定 73 4-5 通訊協定設計原理 74 4-5-1 可程式控制器之資料通訊格式 75 4-5-2 交直流電力表頭之通訊參數格式 76 4-6 交直流表頭之通訊協定原理 77 4-6-1 混合發電/儲能系統之通訊協定設計 78 4-7 Modus通訊協定之特性分析 80 4-8 資料正確性的檢查碼 82 4-9 人機介面之InTouch設計 84 4-9-1 InTouch一般使用流程 85 4-9-2 InTouch之基本概念 87 4-10 混合發電/儲能監控系統之成果 90 第五章 混合再生能源發電/儲能系統遠端監控之實測 103 5-1 前言 103 5-2 使用設備 103 5-3 實測與驗證 104 5-3-1 模式一:雙部風力發電機之市電併聯運轉 104 5-3-2 模式二:雙部風力發電機與光伏電池系統經整流器-換流器之市電併聯運轉 107 5-3-3 模式三:光伏電池陣列-換流器-不斷電系統-獨立供電 110 5-3-4 模式四:光伏電池陣列-換流器之獨立供電 111 5-3-5 模式五:單部風力機與光伏電池陣列經整流器-換流器-市電併聯且另一部風力機直接併聯市電 114 5-3-6 模式六:單部風力機與光伏電池陣列經整流器-換流器獨立供電且另一部風力機直接併聯市電 116 5-3-7 模式七:雙部風力發電機與光伏電池系統經整流器-換流器之獨立供電 118 5-3-8 模式八:光伏電池陣列-換流器之市電併聯 123 5-3-9 模式九:單部風力機與光伏電池陣列經整流器-換流器-不斷電系統之獨立供電且另一部風力機直接併聯市電 124 5-3-7 模式十:雙部風力發電機與光伏電池系統經整流器-換流器之獨立供電 127 第六章 結論與未來研究方向 129 6-1 結論 129 6-2 未來研究方向 130 參考文獻 131 附錄A:再生能源發電系統併聯技術要點 138 附錄B:混合再生發電/儲能系統之硬體規格 144 作者簡介 147

    [1] 劉承宗,“以容量信用度指標為基礎探討台灣海域設置離岸式風 力發電之可行性研究”,89年國科會-台電產業科技研究案,民國90年7月。
    [2] 尤榮祿、王醴,“風力發電機在風速變動下時之動態分析”,中華民國第10屆電力工程研討會,台灣大學,第795-809頁,民國78年11月。
    [3] 盧展南、劉承宗、王醴、鄧人豪、陳野正仁,“風力發電對系統衝擊影響之研究”,91年台灣電力公司委託研究計畫,民國92年6月。
    [4] B.S. Borowy and Z.M. Salameh, “Optimum photovoltaic array size for a hybrid wind/PV system,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 482-488, September 1994.
    [5] C.V. Nayar, M. Ashari, and W.W.L. Keerthipala, “A grid-interactive photovoltaic uninterruptible power supply system using battery storage and a back up diesel generator,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 348-353, September 2000.
    [6] F. Giraud and Z.M. Salameh, “Steady-state performance of a grid connected rooftop hybrid wind-photovoltaic power system with battery storage,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 1-7, March 2001.
    [7] R. Billinton and G. Bai, “Generating capacity adequacy associated with wind energy,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 641-646, September 2004.
    [8] A.M. Knight and G.E. Peters, “Simple wind energy controller for an expanded operating range,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 459-466, June 2005.
    [9] F. Valenciaga and P.F. Puleston, “Supervisor control for a stand alone hybrid generation system using wind and photovoltaic energy,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 398-405, June 2005.
    [10] M.F.S.V. Neves and J.F.B.D. Silva, “A general purpose programme for the simulation of induction machines and switched power drives,” IEEE Proceedings, Electro-technical Conference, pp. 131-134, 1989.
    [11] F. Jurado and J.R. Saenz, “Adaptive control of a fuel cell- microturbine hybrid power plant,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 342-347, June 2003.
    [12] M.Y. Cho and C.W. Huang, “Development of PC based energy management system for electrical energy saving of high voltage customer,” IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference, pp. 7-11, May 2001.
    [13] W.D. Kellogg, M.H. Nehrir, and V. Gerez, “Generation unit sizing and cost analysis for stand-alone wind, photovoltaic, and hybrid Wind/PV systems,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 70-75, March 1998.
    [14] C.C. Iinwai, W.J. Lee, P. Fuangfoo, M. Williams, and R. Liao, “System impact study for the interconnection of wind generation and utility system,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 163-168, January/February 2005.
    [15] G.A. Smith, P.A. Onions, and D.G. Infield, “Predicting islanding operation of grid connected PV inverter,” IEE Proceedings, Electric Power Application, Vol. 147, No. 1, pp. 1-6, January 2000.
    [16] A.M. Graharn and M. Etezadi-Amoli, “Design, implementation, and simulation of a PLC based speed controller using fuzzy logic,” IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, Vol. 4, pp. 2475-2480, June 2000.
    [17] H. Yang and R. Eagleson, “Design and implementation of internet-based embedded control system,” IEEE Proceedings, Control Application Conference, Vol. 1, pp. 1181-1185, June 2003.
    [18] R. Stoicescu, K. Miu, C.O. Nwankpa, D. Niebur, and X. Yang, “Three-phase converter models for unbalanced radial power-flow studies,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 17, No. 4, pp. 1016-1021, November 2002.
    [19] H.W. Park, S.J. Park, J.G. Park, and C.U. Kim, “A novel high-performance voltage regulator for single-phase AC Sources,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 48, No. 3, pp. 554-562, June 2001.
    [20] Y.T. Tan, D.S. Kirschen, and N. Jenkins, “A model of PV generation suitable for stability analysis,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 748-755, December 2004.
    [21] L. Chen and Y. Wang, “Design and implementation of a web-based distributed control system,” IEEE Electrical and Computer Engineering Conference, Vol. 2, pp. 681-686, May 2002.
    [22] K. Sedghisigarchi and A. Feliachi, “Impact of fuel cells on load-frequency control in power distribution systems,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 250-256, March 2006.
    [23] S.K. Salman and I.M. Rida, “Investigating the impact of embedded generation on relay settings of utilities electrical feeders,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 246-251, April 2001.
    [24] M. Papadopoulos, P. Malatestas, and N. Hatziargyriou, “Simulation and analysis of small and medium size power systems containing wind turbines,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 1453-1458, November 1991.
    [25] W.J. Lee, M.S. Chen, and S.P. Wang, “Development of a real time power system dynamic performance monitoring system,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 1055-1060, July/August 1997.
    [26] T. Le and R. Zavadil, “Shunt capacitor failures due to wind farm induction generator self-excitation phenomenon,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 513-519, September 1993.
    [27] T. Monai, I. Takano, H. Nishikawa, and Y. Sawada, “A collaborative operation method between new energy-type dispersed power supply and EDLC,” IEEE Transaction on Energy Conversion, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 590-598, September 2004.
    [28] 李宗鴻,合併太陽能發電系統與風力用感應-磁阻發電機之研製,國立成功大學電機工程研究所碩士論文,民國91年7月。
    [29] OMRON, CS1 Series CS1W-LC001 Loop Control Unit Function Block Reference Manual, November 2000.
    [30] OMRON, CS Series WS02-LCTC1-E CX-Process Tool Version 2.5 Operation Manual, September 2001.
    [31] OMRON, CS1 Series CS1W-LC001 Loop Control Unit Version 2.5 Operation Manual, August 2001.
    [32] 林英豪,光伏系統動態穩定度之研究,國立成功大學電機工程研究所碩士論文,民國89年5月。
    [33] R.D. Middlebrook and S. Cuk, “A general unified approach to modeling switching-converter power stages,” IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, Vol. 42, pp. 18-34, 1976.
    [34] L. Wang, “A comparative study of damping schemes on damping generator oscillations,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 613-619, May 1993.
    [35] Y.Y. Hsu and L. Wang, “Damping of a parallel ac-dc power system using PID power system stabilizers and rectifier current regulators,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 540-549, May 1988.
    [36] L. Wang, “A comparative study of damping schemes on damping generator oscillations,” IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 613-619, May 1993.
    [37] 曾祥賓,以數位信號處理器為基礎之風力發電用能量轉換系統,國立成功大學電機工程研究所碩士論文,民國92年6月。
    [38] 王醴、李東璟,“質子交換膜燃料電池之穩態分析”,中華民國第二十六屆電力工程研討會,清雲科技大學,第582-585頁,民國94年12月。
    [39] N.M.A. Rahim and J.E. Quaicoe, “Analysis and design of a multiple feedback loop control strategy for single-phase voltage-source UPS inverters,” IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 532-541, July 1996.
    [40] 劉國華,結合校園網路及可程式控制器於風力發電系統與太陽能發電系統之即時電力監控,國立成功大學電機工程研究所碩士論文,民國92年6月。
    [40] 蔡知達,單級光伏能量轉換系統之控制晶片設計,國立成功大學電機工程研究所碩士論文,民國94年6月。
    [41] 楊文正,結晶矽太陽電池介紹,電子技術,29期,第74-80頁,民國77年。
    [42] 曾煥堂,太陽電池之原理與構造,電子技術,29期,第52-57頁,民國77年。
    [43] 黃鎮江,燃料電池,全華科技圖書股份有限公司,民國92年。
    [44] K. Hirachi, M. Kurokawa, and M. Nakaoka, “Feasible compact UPS incorporating current-mode controlled two-quadrant chopper-fed battery link,” IEEE Proceedings, Power Electronics and Drive Systems Conference, Vol. 1, pp. 418-424, 1997.
    [45] K. Hirachi, A. Kajiyama, T. Mii, and M. Nakaoka, “Cost-effective bidirectional chopper-based battery link UPS with common input-output bus line and its control scheme,” IEEE Proceedings, Industrial Electronics Control and Instrumentation, Vol. 3, pp. 1681-1686, 1996.
    [46] H.W. Park, S.J. Park, J.G. Park, and C.U. Kim, “A novel high-performance voltage regulator for single-phase AC sources,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 48, No. 3, pp. 554-562, June 2001.
    [47] Ducati, Modbus-RTU Protocol (Mach Smart) Measurement instruments.
    [48] CHANG SHUAN,CG-4/5 微電腦型顯示/輸出一體式電錶技術手冊。
    [49] 郭昌榮,FX系列PLC之連線通訊及VB圖形監控修訂版,全華科技圖書股份有限公司,民國94年。
    [50] NuDAM, ND-6520 RS-232/RS485 Converter.
    [51] Wonder FactorySuite,InTouch使用指南,民國77年,修訂版B。
    [52] Wonder FactorySuite, InTouch Reference Guide, July 1999, Revision C。
    [53] OMRON, Sysmac CS1-Series Analog I/O Units Operation Manual, August 1999.
    [54] OMRON, CS/CJ Series CS1W-ETN01/CS1W-ETN11/CJ1W-ETN11 Ethernet Units Operation Manual, May 2001.
    [55] OMRON, CS/CJ Series Instructions Reference Manual, October 2001.
    [56] OMRON,CS/CJ系列通訊/連結/指令中文技術手冊。
    [57] OMRON, Sysmac WS02-PSTC1-E CX-Protocol Operation Manual, April 1999.
    [58] 谷口功,透視通訊協定之架構,建興文化事業有限公司,2002年1月。

    下載圖示 校內:2008-07-19公開
    校外:2016-07-19公開
    QR CODE