隨著環保意識的高漲，電動車與相關產業快速的發展。在電動車上，主要面臨到安全性與可靠度等挑戰，而其中一個影響的要素即能源系統的管理，透過電池管理系統監控與演算法的調整，控制電池的電量差距與老化程度，並使電動車的電池健康狀況得以數值化且提供給使用者，同時降低使用中出現毀損的情況。基於以上的問題，本論文提出一個電池組動態重組的架構與演算法來提高電池組在使用中的可靠度與續航性，動態重組的架構是藉由加入冗餘電池與開關的電路組成，在實驗中電池組分為primary (main) group，由4個串連電池模組組成，與secondary (spare) group，由2個電池模組組成。演算法以監控電池模組所得的資料輸出控制控制訊號至電池組，讓電池組內電池模組按照演算法與secondary group的電池模組做交換，保持電池組中電池模組的容量差，維持在一定的數值之下，藉此控制老化在相同速率之下，提高電池組壽命，同時考慮到電池與電池模組品質的問題，在電池或電池模組之中，某些電池會因某些因素，如:材料缺陷、生產製造的缺陷、使用環境與操作方式等，造成電池能儲存的總容量快速衰退，造成使用時容量與其他電池或電池模組相比較低，我們稱此種電池與模組為弱電池與弱電池模組，為了降低這些弱化單元對電池組的影響，我們藉由演算法的判斷，以動態重組電池組的方式做調整，降低弱化單元對電池組的影響降到最低，並試圖使其達到最大的使用性，以達成提高續航性與對電池品質容忍度提高的效果。以我們的方法與普通串連下的電池組做比較，在模擬結果顯示，在相同負載之下平均放電時間與總放電時間分別提升3%、4%，在考量品質稍嫌不佳的電池時，平均放電時間提升7.25%至28.87%，總放電時間提升8%至31.8%。在電池的老化程度上，相較於相較於普通串聯更加地平均，使每顆電池與電池模組皆能使用至更接近壽命終點。

With the rising awareness of environmental protection, electric vehicles and related industries are developing rapidly. Electric vehicles are mainly faced with challenges such as safety and reliability, and one of the influencing factors is the management of the energy system. Through the monitoring of the battery management system (BMS) and the adjustment of the algorithm, the power gap and the aging degree of the battery are controlled, and the battery health of an electric vehicle is quantified and provided to the user. At the same time, it also reduces the damage in use. Based on the above issues, this thesis proposes a dynamic reconfiguration structure and algorithm for battery pack to improve the reliability and endurance of the battery pack. The dynamic reconfiguration architecture is composed of redundant and switching circuits. In the experiment, the battery pack is divided into a primary (main) group, which consists of 4 battery modules in series, and a secondary (spare) group, which consists of 2 battery modules. By monitoring the value of the battery module, the algorithm sends control signals to the battery pack make it reconfiguration, so that the modules in the battery pack are exchanged with the battery modules of secondary group according to the algorithm, and the charge difference between the battery modules in battery pack is kept below a certain value, thereby controlling the aging at the same level and improving the life of the battery pack. At the same time, we take into account the problem of battery quality. Through the judgment of the algorithm, make adjustments in the way of dynamic reconfiguration of the battery pack, so as to minimize the weak battery or module impact on the battery pack and improve endurance. Comparing our method with the series under the same load, the simulation results show that the average discharge time and total discharge time are increased by 3% and 4% respectively. After considering the battery quality, the average discharge time and total discharge time are increased by 7.25% to 28.87% and 8% to 31.8% respectively. Under the same load, the discharge time is similar to that of the battery pack in series. In terms of the aging effect of the battery pack, the aging degree of the modules is more even than that in series, so that each battery modules can be used to the end of its service life.

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