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研究生: 曾琦
Tseng, Chi
論文名稱: 具鎖相阻抗─數位轉換器之電化學阻抗頻譜量測晶片與系統
Design of an Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Measurement Chip and System with a Lock-in Impedance-to-Digital Converter
指導教授: 魏嘉玲
Wei, Chia-Ling
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2021
畢業學年度: 109
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 80
中文關鍵詞: 生物晶片電化學阻抗頻譜分析法可攜式電化學阻抗頻譜量測系統
外文關鍵詞: Biochip, Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Automatic EIS measurement system
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  • 近年來由於壽命的增加與出生率的下降,台灣已步入高齡化社會,居家照護成為了一個重要的課題。此外,文明病的產生與慢性疾病的年齡層下降,讓居家照護儀器之市場正處於蓬勃發展的階段,此類儀器具有輕量化、便於攜帶、快速檢測卻又不失精確等特性。電化學阻抗頻譜分析法(Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, EIS) 是一項常用的電化學檢測方式,本晶片採用了鎖相阻抗─數位轉換器的架構,且將其所需要的大部分訊號內建於晶片之中,量測結果則會以數位碼的型式輸出,並藉由資料截取卡傳送至筆記型電腦進行計算,以實現一完整自動量測系統。
    本晶片使用台灣積體電路公司(TSMC) 0.35μm 2P4M 3.3V混合訊號製程製作而成,以48 S/B封裝,晶片總面積為1.8587×1.7966 mm2,處理訊號頻率範圍為100mHz到100kHz,全系統消耗的最大功率為11.33mW。

    Due to the advances in medicine and the reduction in birth rate, Taiwan has become an aging society. Therefore, home care issue has been an important topic. The desired characteristics of home-care instrumentation includes small-sized, real-time and portable. Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is one of the commonly used detection methods. The proposed chip realizes a lock-in impedance-to-digital converter and a sinusoidal signal generator, and its 10-bit output codes are related to the real and imaginary parts of the measured impedance. With the aid of data acquisition (DAQ) card and a laptop, an automatic EIS measurement system is achieved.
    The proposed chip was fabricated by TSMC 0.35μm 2P4M CMOS/MEMS mixed-signal process, and the chip area is 1.8587×1.7966-mm2. The frequency range of the proposed chip is from 0.1Hz to 100kHz, and the power consumption is 11.33mW with a 3.3V power supply. According to the measured results, it could measure amplitude from 0.05V to 1.65V and phase shift for 360 degrees. The maximal error for amplitude and phase shift, respectively, is "±2.2" % at 10kHz and "±1.25" %.

    目錄 第一章 簡介 1 1.1 研究動機 1 1.2 論文架構 1 第二章 背景知識與介紹 2 2.1 電化學阻抗頻譜分析 (EIS) 2 2.1.1 快速傅立葉轉換法(Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) - based) 2 2.1.2 頻率響應分析法( Frequency Response Analyzer (FRA) – based ) 3 2.2 頻率響應分析法之架構 5 2.2.1 相位─數位轉換器與振幅─數位轉換器 5 2.2.2 凱爾文阻抗感測 (Kelvin Impedance Sensing) 6 2.2.3 鎖相阻抗─數位轉換器(Lock-in IDC) 7 2.3 電化學頻率分析法採用之架構 9 第三章 系統架構與電路設計 10 3.1 系統架構與簡介 10 3.2 時脈產生器 (Clock Generator) 11 3.3 參考電壓及電流產生電路 12 3.4 寬範圍可調頻率式弦波產生器 13 3.5 鎖相阻抗─數位轉換器(Lock-in IDC) 14 3.5.1 演算法 15 3.5.2 電路設計 18 3.6 重置電路 34 第四章 模擬結果及佈局考量 35 4.1 模擬結果 35 4.1.1 開關電容式低通濾波器模擬 35 4.1.2 符號函數"Sgn(sinωt)" 與"Sgn(cosωt)" 36 4.1.3 上數/下數計數器 (Up/Dn Counter) 37 4.1.4 參考電流匹配電路 38 4.1.5 鎖相阻抗-數位轉換器 (Lock-in IDC) 40 4.2 晶片佈局 43 4.3 晶片打線圖 44 第五章 EIS系統與印刷電路板設計 45 5.1 印刷電路板設計 45 5.1.1 電池供電電路 46 5.1.2 電位平移電路(Level Shifting)和振幅調節電路 46 5.1.3 轉阻放大器 (Transimpedance Amplifier) 47 5.1.4 濾波器和儀表放大器(Instrumentation Amplifier ,IA) 49 5.2 印刷電路板設計與佈局 49 5.3 LabVIEW 程式碼和資料擷取(DAQ) 51 5.3.1 控制訊號 53 5.3.2 資料擷取 54 5.3.3 資料處理 55 第六章 量測結果 56 6.1 晶片功能量測 56 6.1.1 量測環境 56 6.1.2 開關電容式低通濾波器 58 6.1.3 鎖相阻抗─數位轉換器 61 6.2 EIS系統量測 64 6.2.1 全系統量測環境 64 6.2.2 系統量測結果 65 6.3 規格 72 第七章 結論與未來展望 74 參考文獻 75 附錄 78

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