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研究生: 盧美如
Lu, Mei-Ru
論文名稱: 具AVP數位控制模式錯相電源轉換器之研製
Design and Implementation of Digitally Controlled Interleave Converter with Adaptive Voltage Positioning Scheme
指導教授: 張簡樂仁
Chang-Chien, Le-Ren
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2011
畢業學年度: 99
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 78
中文關鍵詞: AVP模式控制數位控制錯相電源轉換器
外文關鍵詞: Adaptive Voltage Positioning Scheme, Digitally Controlled, Interleave Converter
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  • 本論文以數位控制實現適應性電壓準位模式之切換式降壓型直流-直流轉換器以多相電源並聯模組提供比單相高的電流給負載。另外,利用直流-直流轉換器各模組開關時間相互交錯,可減小輸出電壓之漣波。AVP模式控制可減少約一半輸出電容使用量而與一般模式有相同之輸出電壓變化量,比起一般模式節省體積與成本,且AVP模式可根據輸出電容之等效串聯電阻調整控制器參數達到電阻性輸出阻抗特性,使轉換器有較佳的負載效應。數位控制架構相較於類比控制,具可程式化特性,易於調整控制器參數來實現電阻性輸出阻抗。本論文針對所提出之轉換器電路架構,探討其動作原理及電路特性之分析,推導轉換器開迴路系統的小訊號模型,分析系統穩定度,並以此設計迴授補償器電路。最後實作一輸出規格為1.5V/10A雛型電路,以驗證本文所提出轉換器之性能及響應。

    A digitally controlled interleave Buck converter with Adaptive Voltage Positioning (AVP) scheme is proposed in this thesis. The paralleled multi-module structure is applied to provide higher current to the load compared to the single-phase converter. In addition, the interleave characteristics can be realized in the multi-module paralleled operation to reduce output voltage ripple. The AVP control can save up to half number of the output capacitors compared to those in the ordinary voltage control for the same output voltage variation. Moreover, the AVP control mode provides the resistive output impedance characteristic to improve the load transient response of the Buck converter. Due to the programmability of the digital control configuration, the desired resistive output impedance can be easily tuned in accordance with the output capacitor’s equivalent series resistance.
    The operating principles and circuit characteristics of the proposed converter are first introduced in this thesis. Following that, circuit stability is analyzed through the deduced small signal model of the open loop system for designing the feedback compensator. Finally, a prototype circuit is tested to evaluate the performance of the original design with output specifications of 1.5V/10A.

    中文摘要 I 英文摘要 II 誌謝 IV 目錄 V 表目錄 VIII 圖目錄 IX 第一章 緒論 1 1.1研究背景與動機 1 1.2 本論文大綱 4 第二章 相關技術回顧 5 2.1 直流-直流電壓轉換器 5 2.2 切換式降壓型電壓轉換器基本原理與特性 6 2.2.1 連續導通模式之穩態分析 9 2.2.2 元件選定 12 2.3 多相式電壓轉換器介紹 13 2.3.1 電壓下降法(Droop method) 14 2.3.2 主動均流法(Active current-sharing method) 16 2.4 AVP模式控制 20 第三章 數位控制多相並聯模組 23 3.1 系統架構 23 3.2數位控制器之實現 24 3.3 迴路分析 25 3.3.1 系統開迴路 25 3.3.2 電壓調節迴路 29 3.3.3 均流控制迴路 32 3.4 補償器設計 33 3.4.1 電壓調節補償器 33 3.4.2 均流控制補償器 38 3.5 輸出阻抗分析 39 第四章 系統設計與實驗結果 45 4.1 設計流程 45 4.2硬體規劃 46 4.2.1 功率級電路元件 46 4.2.2 電感電流量測 46 4.2.3 類比-數位轉換器(Analog-to-Digital Converter, ADC) 48 4.2.4閘極驅動器(Gate Driver) 50 4.3 迴路補償器設計 51 4.3.1 電壓調節迴路補償器 51 4.3.2 均流控制迴路補償器 54 4.4 Verilog HDL軟體規劃 55 4.4.1 觸發訊號設計 57 4.4.2 類比-數位轉換器訊號 59 4.4.3 誤差訊號產生及均流控制設計 61 4.4.4 可調整之Ri 62 4.4.5 補償器及數位脈波寬度調變 63 4.5 電路模擬與實測結果討論 64 第五章 結論 73 5.1 結論 73 5.2 未來展望 74 參考文獻 75 作者簡介 78

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