本研究於高屏地區大寮測站利用MOUDI、Nano-MOUDI及ADS分別採集大氣懸浮微粒及前驅氣體樣品，並以離子層析儀(IC)分析樣品；樣品依採樣週期區分日間（08:00~20:00）及夜間（20:00~翌日08:00），本期採集樣品組數共18組，本研究也將前期採樣數據一起併入解析，整體研究共計樣品44組，包括：事件日日夜間18組；非事件日日夜間26組。配合利用逆軌跡模式解析採樣時期數據資料，搭配氣團軌跡路線，探討影響大寮監測站懸浮微粒高濃度現象及影響因素。
研究結果顯示，大寮地區懸浮微粒粒徑分佈主要呈現典型三峰分佈，於空氣污染事件日，粗粒徑和累積型粒徑都有明顯增加趨勢，主要增重範圍為累積型粒徑部份(PM0.1~PM2.5)。PM2.5佔PM10微粒濃度百分比於事件日-日間為75.4%，事件日-夜間為79.2%，顯示大寮測站懸浮微粒受人為污染影響十分顯著。PM0.1~2.5濃度與大氣溫、濕度具有相關性，發生微粒污染事件日，PM0.1~2.5濃度隨相對濕度增加而升高，一般大氣環境下，PM0.1~2.5濃度則隨著溫度增加而減少。
總水溶性離子佔微粒濃度比例於微粒污染事件日期間增高，並以原生性氣相污染物(NH3、SO2、NO2 )轉化形成衍生性離子(NH4+、SO42-及NO3-)居多，主要存在於PM2.5累積粒徑。事件日於日間衍生性離子從32.1%上升至46.3%，NO3-及SO42-各貢獻超過5%；事件日夜間衍生性離子則從39.6%上升至56.9%，其中以NO3-貢獻超過12%。
事件日期間前驅氣體(HNO2、HNO3及SO2)濃度明顯增高，與PM2.5微粒之NO3-、SO42-濃度增高有明顯關聯性，硫轉化率及氮轉化率都明顯增加，顯示SO2及NO2轉化成SO42-及NO3-比例為高，亦與事件日於累積型粒徑觀測到大量硫酸鹽及硝酸鹽離子濃度結果一致，證實微粒凝聚於累積型粒徑乃使微粒濃度提升之主要緣故。
逆軌跡分析結果，冬季軌跡線主要為北方傳輸而來，日間以西北方位進入大寮測站為主，且此類型發生微粒污染事件日頻率最高，衍生性離子以SO42-濃度為主，顯示與沿途軌跡線經過工業區排放SO2轉化成微粒造成污染有很大關聯性。冬季夜間軌跡線大都以東北和北方位進入大寮測站，事件日發生機率以北方位最高，其次為東北，都有高PM2.5濃度，衍生性離子以NO3-為主，冬季夜間擴散能力較差，污染物不易擴散，故夜間也常發生微粒污染事件日。夏季軌跡線來源主要為海上，氣團進入南高屏地區時，氣團可能較少攜帶嚴重污染物，氣團對於大寮測站微粒濃度變化主要為軌跡線經過地區之污染而定，當軌跡線經由高雄縣工業區，對大寮測站微粒濃度具有顯著影響。

This study had been conducted to investigate the composition of airborne particulate matter and the precursor gases at Dalia station in the Southern Taiwan Air Basin.The back-trajectory model had also been applied to evaluate the potential sources that caused air pollution episode event in this area. The airborne particulate matter and precursor gases were sampled by Microorifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI), Nano-MOUDI, and Annular Denuder System (ADS). The compositions of water-soluble ion species and precursor gases were detected by ion chromatography (IC).There were total 44 samples which were categoried into four groups: non-episode daytime, non-episode nighttime, episode daytime, and episode nighttime in this study.
The results showed that the airborne particle size distribution in the station was a typical tri-modal distribution and the concentrations of course particles and fine particles were increasing in episode event. The percentages of PM2.5 in PM10 were 75.4 %and 79.2% during episode days and episode nights, respectively. This result implied that the PM concentration in this station may influenced by anthropogenic sources. The PM concentration increased as increasing relative humidity in episode day and rising temperature in non-episode day. The mass concentrations of PM0.1-2.5 were influenced by ambient temperature and relative humidity.
The concentrations of water-soluble ions in airborne particulate matter were increasing in episode day. The dominant particular components were secondary ions (NH4+, SO42-, and NO3-), which appeared in accumulation mode of PM2.5. In episode daytime the secondary ions accounted for 46.3% of PM mass, This value is higher than that in non-episode daytime (32.1%). In episode nighttime the secondary ions accounted for 56.9% of PM mass, the value is also higher than that in non-episode nighttime (32.1%).
The observation data also indicated that the concentration of precursor gases (HCl, HNO3, and SO2) during episodes were higher than those in non-episodes. The gas-to-particle conversion ratio of NO2 and SO2 were high during episode days.
The results of back-trajectory model analysis showed that the air mass transported north boundary in winter time. The plume approached Da-Liao station is north by west boundary in the daytime and caused high occurrence of episode day. The secondary ion was mainly sulfate which implied that high SO2 concentration emitted from nearby industrial area. In nighttime, air mass approached Da-Liao station from northeast and northern, high occurrence of episode day was observed in northern, and followed by northeast. In summer, the results of back-trajectory model analysis showed that the air mass came from ocean, which may attribute to the less pulluted plume.Above all the PM concentration at Da-Liao station was influenced strongly by air mass travelling through industrial area with dense emissions.

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