摘要

由於航空運輸量與荷重不斷增加，部份機場道面已達設計極限，飛機行駛舒適度和安全性受到影響，有些道面因此需要整建以提升服務水準；此外，未來有可能需要提供更大型的民航機，如空中巴士 A380於國際機場起降，鋪面的結構穩定性更需考量。在整建工法中，將原有剛性鋪面刨除重鋪不但耗時且成本較高，若採用具有抗車轍能力的石膠泥瀝青混凝土(SMA)是一項值得考量的方向。本研究以三種SMA級配以及機場密級配拌和改質III型瀝青黏結料進行各項瀝青混凝土工程性質試驗，並以Cantabro磨損試驗評估機場道面抵抗剝脫能力，以降低行駛航機受FOD機率，以英式擺錘試驗(BPT)和鋪砂法量測平均紋理深度來評估機場道面之抗滑特性，且比較不同載重狀況下各級配瀝青混凝土抵抗車轍變形之能力，以找出最適合鋪築於機場道面之瀝青混凝土。
試驗結果顯示與機場道面相關的績效性質如Cantabro磨損試驗、抗滑特性和抵抗車轍能力以SMA級配表現較佳。在抗滑特性上發現，標稱最大粒徑較大的SMA級配，較能在鋪面含水時提供較佳的抗滑特性。在試體未受水侵害的情況下，密級配之Cantabro磨損率明顯較SMA級配高，受到水侵害1天後發現，大致有級配越粗磨損率越大的趨勢。隨著載重的增加，各級配之車轍深度也會顯著的增加，並發現受到7天水侵害之試體的車轍深度會明顯提高。抵抗各種載重之車轍能力大致以12.5 mm NMAS公路SMA級配較為穩定，若提高壓實度至100%，則19 mm NMAS公路SMA則可在未受水侵害的情況下提供較佳的抵抗車轍能力。

關鍵字：石膠泥瀝青混凝土(SMA)、外物損害(FOD)、抗滑特性、
抗車轍能力。

Abstract

Due to increasingly high concentration of aircraft wheel loads, the premature failure may occur, thereby leading to terminate the service life of airfield pavements. In order to ensure the safety as well as riding quality of runway and taxiway in the airport, the functional and structural stability of the airfield pavements should be taken into account. However, it is very time-consuming and expensive to resurface the existing rigid pavement. The use of stone matrix asphalt (SMA) as a airfield pavement surface course is a consideration because of its better resistance to deformation. In this study, engineering properties of three types of SMA and one dense-graded asphalt concrete (DGAC) with modified asphalt binder type III were evaluated by means of conventional laboratory tests. In addition, Cantabro wearing test was carried out to assess the stripping property in order to simulate the foreign object damage (FOD) of airfield pavements. British pendulum tester (BPT) and sand patch test were performed to assess the sliding and friction properties of airfield pavements.
The results showed that the airfield pavement-related performance properties such as: Cantabro loss percentage, texture depth and dynamic stability, the SMA had better performance than other DGAC. According to the sliding characteristics, SMA with larger nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS) can provide better sliding properties on the wet pavement. In the case of specimens without moisture damage, the Cantabro loss percentage for the DGAC was significantly higher than that of the SMA. Generally, the coarser mixtures had the better resistance to wearing. With increasing the wheel load, the rut depth significant increased for all mixtures. It was found that the mixtures with moisture damaged for 7 days, the rut depth had a considerable increase. The results also showed that the 12.5 mm NMAS SMA is the optimum option for airfield pavements. It was also concluded that the 19 mm NMAS SMA provided the better resistance to rutting if the 100% compaction was achieved .

Keywords: stone matrix asphalt (SMA), foreign object damage (FOD), sliding characteristics, rutting resistance.

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