公司如何與其他公司合作以實現其在後設組織中的策略目標？協作有助於企業獲得外部資源以及促進溝通，同時也增加了知識溢出的風險，但這些風險可以通過正式的合約來降低。然而，後設組織，如標準制定組織，缺乏正式的合約，這意味著公司往往依賴社會資本來抵消交易成本和機會主義。本文應用社會資本理論來解釋 3GPP（第三代合作夥伴計劃）（主要的國際行動通訊標準制定組織）的後設組織環境中企業間協作的演變。本文基於隨機導向參與者模型和從 3G 到 4G 時代的綜合協作數據集來檢查 3GPP 中的協作機制。我們發現，公司更有可能根據社會資本的“結合”觀點而不是“橋接”觀點來選擇合作夥伴公司。本文推進了對後設組織內部協作機制的研究，同時也對社會資本理論做出了貢獻，強調了在沒有正式合同的情況下社會資本中結合觀點的重要性。

How do firms collaborate with other firms to achieve their strategic goals in meta-organizations? Collaboration helps firms to obtain external resources while also stimulating communication. It also increases risks of knowledge spillovers, but these risks can be reduced through formal contracting. However, meta-organizations, like standard-setting organizations, lack formal contracts, meaning that firms often rely on social capital to offset transaction costs and opportunism. This paper applies social capital theory to explain the evolution of interfirm collaboration in the meta-organizational environment of 3GPP (Third Generational Partnership Project), the primary international mobile telecommunications standard-setting organization. It applies a stochastic actor-based model and a comprehensive collaboration dataset from the 3G to 4G eras to examine the mechanism of collaboration in 3GPP. We find that firms are more likely to choose partner firms based on the 'bonding' view of social capital, rather than the 'bridging' view. The paper advances research on collaboration mechanism within meta-organization, while also contributing to social capital theory in emphasizing the importance of the bonding view of social capital under conditions when no formal contracts are available.

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