振盪水柱波浪發電系統為目前最廣泛的波能擷取系統之一。若能結合防波堤設置，可減少海底電纜之運用，也可方便日後之維修，並達到海洋能源開發功能多元化之目標。為了使振盪水柱波浪發電防波堤之能量擷取最大化，並滿足防波堤穩定性要求，本研究藉由數值模擬分析振盪水柱波浪發電防波堤在特定波浪條件下的水動力特性，以提出振盪水柱波浪發電防波堤的最佳化設計之建議。本研究參考鍾智印(2014)所建立之FLOW-3D數值模型設置方法及網格配置，模擬二維振盪水柱波浪發電防波堤氣室內水氣交互反應，以八種振盪水柱波浪發電防波堤幾何形狀，三組波高、六組週期之波浪條件，探討前牆沒水深度、氣室寬度、氣孔寬度以及波高對振盪水柱波浪發電防波堤氣室內之自由液面振盪、氣體流速、氣體壓力以及結構側向力之影響。本研究藉由分析波長比L/ lc'與波浪振幅放大率a/a0之關係，探討不同入射波條件進入不同幾何形狀之氣室時之自由液面振盪幅度。由模擬結果可知，波浪振幅放大率隨波長比增加。本研究透過數值模擬所得之氣室內空氣壓力與自由液面，計算八種振盪水柱波浪發電防波堤幾何形狀對氣動能擷取之影響。分析結果顯示，影響波能擷取效率之因素依序為氣孔寬度、波高、氣室寬度及前牆沒水深度。本研究分析各波浪發電系統於不同入射波條件與平均氣體能量功率之關係，顯示最佳能量擷取區間均落在波長比L/ lc'=5.4~6.6時。對於振盪水柱波浪發電防波堤之受力分析結果，本研究分別計算氣室在各牆面受波浪之側向力，進而得到不同幾何形狀之氣室於不同波浪條件下之總側向力及作用於防波堤基底合力矩。經比較出氣室寬度、氣孔寬度、前牆沒水深度及波高分別對結構物受側向力反應之影響。結果顯示，隨著波長比增加，不同幾何形狀振盪水柱波浪發電防波堤所受之最大側向合力及合力矩亦增加，直到波長比為6時，側向載重及基底合力矩增加幅度趨緩。其中，波高對結構物受力反應影響最劇烈，而氣孔之寬度對結構物受力反應影響最不顯著。最後，本研究提出振盪水柱波浪發電防波堤最佳化設計流程，並以花蓮港之浮標資料進行案例分析，得出若於花蓮港建制振盪水柱波浪發電，其平均氣體能量功率可達每單位公尺15.30W。

Oscillating Water Column (OWC) device is one of the Wave power which is envisioned to be one of the major power generation sources developments in Taiwan. The advantages of the OWC device combined with caisson breakwater are easy communications and absence of mooring lines. FLOW-3D is utilized to simulate flow field, free surface, and pressure distribution in the air chamber of OWC devices and the effect of length of chamber, immersion depth of front wall, orifice width and wave height on the efficiency of wave energy extraction from the OWC and stability of structure is investigated in this study. The best range of energy extraction of OWC device is determined by wave length ratio-average pneumatic power curve as wave length ratio about 5.4~6.6. The order of factors affecting the wave energy extraction is orifice width, wave height, length of chamber and immersion depth of front wall. The order of factors affecting the stability of structure is wave height, length of chamber, immersion depth of front wall, and orifice width.

Brendmo, A., Falnes, J., and Lillebekken, P. M. (1996). “Lineår Modelling of Oscillating Water Columns Including Viscous Loss,” Applied Ocean Research, Vol. 18, No. 2–3, pp. 65-75.
Evans, D. V., and Porter, R. (1995). “Hydrodynamic Characteristics of an Oscillating Water Column Device,” Applied Ocean Research, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 155-164.
He, F., and Huang, Z. (2016). “Using an Oscillating Water Column Structure to Reduce Wave Reflection from a Vertical Wall,” Journal of Waterway Port Coastal and Ocean Engineering, Vol. 142, No. 2.
Heath, T. V. (2012). “A Review of Oscillating Water Columns,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society a-Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 370, No. 1959, pp. 235-245.
Huang, Y., Shi, H., Liu, D., and Liu, Z. (2010). “Study on the Breakwater Caisson as Oscillating Water Column Facility,” Journal of Ocean University of China (Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research), Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 244-250.
Jayakumar (1994). “Wave Force on Oscillating Water Column Type Wave Energy Caisson: an Experiment Study,” PhD, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India.
Kamath, A., Bihs, H., and Arntsen, Ø. A. (2015). “Numerical Investigations of the Hydrodynamics of an Oscillating Water Column Device,” Ocean Engineering, Vol. 102, pp. 40 - 50.
Kuo, Y. S., Lin, C. S., Chung, C. Y., and Wang, Y. K. (2015). “Wave Loading Distribution of Oscillating Water Column Caisson Breakwaters under Non-Breaking Wave Forces,” Journal of Marine Science and Technology-Taiwan, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 78-87.
Liu, Y., Shi, H., Liu, Z., and Ma, Z. (2011). “Experiment Study on a New Designed OWC Caisson Breakwater,” Proceedings of the Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC), 2011 Asia-Pacific, pp. 1-5.
Lopez, I., Pereiras, B., Castro, F., and Iglesias, G. (2014). “Optimisation of Turbine-Induced Damping for an OWC Wave Energy Converter using a RANS-VOF Numerical Model,” Applied Energy, Vol. 127, pp. 105-114.
Michael T. Morris-Thomas, R. J. I., Krish P. Thiagarajan (2007). “An Investigation into the Hydrodynamic Efficiency of an Oscillating Water Column,” J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng, Vol. 129, No. 4, pp. 273-278.
Muller, G. U., and Whittaker, T. J. T. (1993). “An Investigation of Breaking Wave Pressures on Inclined Walls,” Ocean Engineering, Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 349-358.
Ning, D. Z., Shi, J., Zou, Q. P., and Teng, B. (2015). “Investigation of Hydrodynamic Performance of an OWC (Oscillating Water Column) Wave Energy Device using a Fully Nonlinear HOBEM (Higher-Order Boundary Element Method),” Energy, Vol. 83, pp. 177-188.
Sarmento, A., and Falcao, A. F. D. (1985). “Wave Generation by an Oscillating Surface-Pressure and its Application in Wave-Energy Extraction,” journal of fluid mechanics, Vol. 150, No. JAN, pp. 467-485.
Sarmento, A. J. N. A. (1992). “Wave Flume Experiments on Two-Dimensional Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Devices,” Experiments in Fluids, Vol. 12, No. 4-5, pp. 286-292.
Teixeira, P. R. F., Davyt, D. P., Didier, E., and Ramalhais, R. (2013). “Numerical Simulation of an Oscillating Water Column Device using a Code based on Navier-Stokes Equations,” Energy, Vol. 61, pp. 513-530.
Thiruvenkatasamy, K., Neelamani, S., and Sato, M. (2005). “Nonbreaking Wave Forces on Multiresonant Oscillating Water Column Wave Power Caisson Breakwater,” Journal of Waterway Port Coastal and Ocean Engineering-Asce, Vol. 131, No. 2, pp. 77-84.
Wang, T. T., Siow, Y. X., Chen, C. Y., Kuo, Y. S. (2015) “Responses of Oscillating water column wave energy caisson breakwater of 2-D and 3-D model test,” Workshop for Marine Environment and Energy (EAWOMEN), 2015.
Zhang, Y., Zou, Q.-P., and Greaves, D. (2012). “Air–Water Two-Phase Flow Modelling of Hydrodynamic Performance of an Oscillating Water Column Device,” Renewable Energy, Vol. 41, pp. 159-170.
林啟聖 (2013). “振盪水柱波浪發電防波堤之波浪作用力分析,” 碩士, 國立成功大學。
鍾智印 (2014). “振盪水柱波浪發電防波堤氣室反應數值模擬,” 碩士, 國立成功大學。
許泰文 (2003).，近岸水動力學，中國土木水利工程學會。