面對氣候變遷影響導致的極端氣候與大規模降雨的發生頻率頻繁發生，早期利用工程措施應對洪水風險的管理策略已不再足夠，居民是否能正確理解洪水風險，並採取相應的調適行動，是降低災害損失、提升社區韌性的關鍵。七股區地處台灣西南沿海，為台南市沿海區域之一，由於地勢低窪加上鄰近海岸，往往需要依靠抽水機的方式來解決淹水災害，然而效果有限。
為瞭解七股區居民對於淹水災害的韌性，本研究以台南市七股區18個里作為研究區域，透過問卷調查，探討居民洪水風險知覺與工程措施之依賴度對於氣候變遷知覺與調適能力之影響，研究方法透過敘述式分析、Spearman關聯性分析與主成分分析搭配羅吉斯迴歸分析，以呈現各變項之關聯性與影響關係。探討洪水風險知覺與工程措施之依賴度對於氣候變遷知覺與調適能力之影響。
敘述式分析結果顯示，七股區居民大多具有高度之洪水風險知覺，尤以對颱風引發淹水的恐懼程度最為明顯。工程措施與非工程措施評價中，雖然多數受訪者肯定傳統工程措施之防洪效益，但仍有相當比例支持非工程策略與整合性調適手段，反映防災觀念趨於多元化。氣候變遷知覺方面，多數受訪者認為近年來淹水風險有所上升，並對未來極端降雨與居住環境變遷表示擔憂，展現對氣候變遷議題之高度敏感性。
關聯性分析中，個人可控性認知與對淹水風險的擔憂及居住環境變遷之感知最為密切，反映風險應對能力越高者，對氣候變遷關注亦越強，說明受訪者在經歷颱風或洪水災害的同時，進一步與日益頻繁的極端氣候事件產生連結。工程措施效益評估與氣候變遷知覺呈正相關，顯示高度風險感知者傾向信任工程防洪成效，可能反映對殘餘風險認知不足，潛藏過度依賴的風險。
本研究透過主成分分析將洪水風險知覺、工程措施與非工程措施評價以及氣候變遷知覺進行因子萃取並搭配羅吉斯迴歸分析之結果顯示，洪水風險知覺與氣候變遷知覺在部分調適行為上具有顯著影響，其中，威脅評估與氣候變遷知覺可提升居民採取高成本或結構性調適行為（如加裝防水閘門、墊高房屋地基）的可能性，然而，單純的恐懼不足以轉化為廣泛行動，仍需結合效能與可行性評估。另一方面，非工程措施效益評價與多數調適行為呈顯著正相關，顯示居民對軟性防災策略之認同，較能有效促進自主調適行為；相較之下，單純對工程成效的高度評價，未必能直接驅動居民之行動傾向。

Facing the increasing frequency of extreme weather and heavy rainfall induced by climate change, traditional flood management strategies that rely mainly on engineering measures have become insufficient. Whether residents can properly understand flood risks and adopt appropriate adaptation actions is crucial for reducing disaster losses and enhancing community resilience. Qigu District, located along the southwestern coast of Taiwan, is a low-lying area in Tainan City that frequently relies on pumping stations to cope with flooding, though with limited effectiveness.
To examine residents’ resilience to flooding, this study focuses on the 18 villages of Qigu District and employs a questionnaire survey to explore the influence of flood risk perception and reliance on engineering measures on climate change perception and adaptive capacity. The research methods include descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation analysis, and principal component analysis combined with logistic regression analysis, in order to reveal the interrelationships and effects among the variables.
The descriptive results indicate that most residents possess a high level of flood risk perception, particularly regarding fear of typhoon-induced flooding. While many respondents recognize the effectiveness of traditional engineering measures, a considerable proportion also support non-engineering strategies and integrated approaches, reflecting a more diversified view of flood management. In terms of climate change perception, most respondents believe that flood risks have increased in recent years and express concern over future extreme rainfall and changes to their living environment, demonstrating heightened sensitivity to climate change issues.
The correlation analysis shows that personal controllability is closely associated with concerns about flooding and perceptions of residential safety, suggesting that individuals with higher perceived coping ability also tend to show stronger concern about climate change. Engineering measure evaluations are positively related to climate change perception, indicating that those with heightened risk perception are more likely to trust engineering solutions; however, this may also reflect insufficient awareness of residual risks and potential overreliance on structural protection.
Finally, principal component analysis and logistic regression results reveal that both flood risk perception and climate change perception significantly influence certain adaptation behaviors. Specifically, threat appraisal and climate change perception increase the likelihood of residents adopting costly or structural measures (e.g., installing flood barriers, elevating house foundations). Nevertheless, fear alone is insufficient to trigger widespread action, as efficacy and feasibility assessments remain essential. By contrast, evaluations of non-engineering measures show significant positive associations with multiple adaptation behaviors, suggesting that recognition of soft strategies more effectively promotes autonomous adaptation. Conversely, high evaluations of engineering effectiveness do not necessarily translate into stronger action tendencies.

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