| 研究生: |
楊致遠 Yang, Chih-Yuan |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
高桶式水力旋流漏斗排砂器泥砂去除效率之實驗研究 Experimental Study on Sediment Removal Efficiency of a Deep-Depth Vortex Chamber Type Sediment Extractor |
| 指導教授: |
詹錢登
Jan, Chyan-Deng |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 水利及海洋工程學系 Department of Hydraulic & Ocean Engineering |
| 論文出版年: | 2013 |
| 畢業學年度: | 101 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 57 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 高桶式水力旋流漏斗排砂器 、泥砂去除效率 、表層出水率 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Vortex chamber, Sediment removal efficiency, Water intake ratio |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:63 下載:4 |
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本研究主要進行高桶式水力旋流漏斗排砂器泥砂去除效率之實驗研究,以瞭解底孔直徑、入流濃度與入流流量對排砂器降低渾水濃度之功效的影響。排砂器直徑48 cm,高度130 cm,表層出流口設置於底孔起算高度95 cm處。排砂器內設有寬12 cm之上、中、下三懸板,其高度分別位於底孔起算31 cm、63 cm及94 cm處。實驗有清水實驗及渾水實驗。首先進行清水實驗以瞭解排砂器內渦流的情形,然後再規劃及進行渾水實驗。渾水實驗使用的泥砂材料有兩種;人工粉土泥砂與天然水庫淤泥,它們的中值粒徑分別為0.0410 mm與0.0037 mm,兩者直徑大約差十倍。實驗配置包含三種底孔直徑(Db = 0.5 cm、0.7 cm、1.0 cm)與四種入流濃度(Ci = 22 g/l、62 g/l、42 g/l、81 g/l)。
粉土泥砂實驗結果顯示三種底孔配置下的泥砂去除效率都可達97%以上,但在表層出水率的考量下,以直徑0.5 cm的表層出水率較高(70%)。同時,比較兩泥砂的結果可知,排砂器處理較細粒徑之泥砂時,所能取得的表層出水率較低。相同入流流量,不同入流濃度條件下對泥砂去除效率的影響也有所不同。實驗結果顯示,排砂器在一定條件下會產生濃度較低的清水層,此清水層的存在可確保高泥砂去除效率與高表層出水率,且直到清水層消失之前,泥砂去除效率都不會隨著表層出水率的增加而降低。綜合實驗結果得知,清水層的厚度主要受到底孔與入流量的影響,因此排砂器在處理不同粒徑大小之泥砂時,應配置不同的底孔與入流量,以得到期望之泥砂去除效率。此外,若處理的泥砂為較細粒徑的淤泥時,還需考慮不同入流濃度對泥砂去除效率的影響。
This experiment study conducted on the sediment removal efficiency of a deep-depth vortex chamber type sediment extractor to realize the effect of bottom orifice, inflow sediment concentration, and inflow discharge of vortex chamber on decreasing muddy water concentration. The vortex chamber used in this study has a total height of 130 cm and an internal diameter of 48 cm. The outlet on top of vortex chamber is set at 95 cm bottom-started. Three 12 cm wide deflectors are set inside vortex chamber on bottom, middle and top and their positions were located at 31 cm, 63 cm, and 94 cm bottom-started. Preliminary study is to observe the vortex of tap water inside vortex chamber, and the diameter of tangential inlet and bottom orifice were determined by the result. Experiment of muddy water used two sediment materials, one is silty sand and the other is reservoir silt, and their median diameter were 0.0410 mm and 0.0037 mm. The experimental arrangements are same, including three kinds of bottom orifice (Cb = 0.5 cm, 0.7 cm, 1.0 cm), and four kinds of inflow sediment concentration (Ci = 22 g/l, 62 g/l, 42 g/l, 81 g/l). The discharge ranges was controlled from 25% to 70% water intake ratio in each group experiment.
According to the result of silt silty sand, sediment removal efficiency can be reached more than 97% with three bottom orifice equipment; however, under consideration of high water intake ratio, the most efficient equipment is bottom orifice of 0.5 cm with the best outcome of 70% of water intake ratio. At the same time, comparing the results of two sediment materials handled by vortex chamber shows that finer particle size of sediment, lower water intake ratio. In addition, according to the effects of sediment removal efficiency of inflow sediment concentration with two sediment materials, the effect on sediment removal efficiency of inflow sediment concentration is associated with the particle size of sediment. By observation on experiment, we find that under certain conditions, it will produce a water layer with lower concentration; the layer can ensure high sediment removal efficiency and high water intake ratio, and before water layer disappears, the sediment removal efficiency will not decrease while the water intake ratio increased. To sum up, according to the results of experiment, the thickness of water layer is affected by bottom orifice and inflow discharge, therefore when vortex chamber handles different particle size of sediment, it should set up different bottom orifice and inflow discharge. Besides, when vortex chamber handles finer particle size of sediment, the effect of inflow sediment concentration should be considered.
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