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研究生： 王潔
Wang, Chieh
論文名稱： 小學環境教育之體驗式學習方法探討: 遊戲式學習設計之個案研究
Exploration of Elementary School Environmental Education Using the Experiential Learning Approach: Case Study of Game-based Learning Design
指導教授： 楊佳翰
Yang, Chia-Han
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 規劃與設計學院 - 創意產業設計研究所
Institute of Creative Industries Design
論文出版年： 2020
畢業學年度： 109
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 133
中文關鍵詞： 環境教育 、桌遊 、體驗式學習 、遊戲式學習 、小學教育
外文關鍵詞： environmental education, board game, experiential learning, game-based learning, elementary school
相關次數： 點閱：258  下載：8 
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    • 這篇研究主要針對現今台灣的環境教育作探討，並設計一套環境議題的桌遊。學校老師可以透過桌遊去引導學生思考以及學習環境議題。本研究旨在探討台灣目前的小學環境教育的學習效果和體驗式學習。環境教育是一種跨學科教育，其中包含許多專業知識，例如生物學，科學，道德學和社會學。它被計劃為台灣九年一貫課程中的議題課程。

    體驗式學習理論在教育中變得越來越重要，因為人們開始關注”邊做邊學”和以學生為中心的教學方法。桌遊是一種基於遊戲的學習工具，可以在教育中用於為初學者介紹問題或知識，並提供與真實世界相關的體驗。由於班級受空間，時間和金錢的限制，並且不能為學生提供真實的自然環境體驗，因此它是小學環境教育中教師的有用教學工具。

    在這項研究中，作者使用文獻綜述和深入訪談來了解當前的環境教育以及台灣環境教育中的體驗式學習實踐。資料收集後將用來作為設計教學工具用的桌遊，並邀請環境教育中的老師共同創造桌遊。

    This research is to discuss the learning effect of board games in the current elementary school environmental education in Taiwan and the students’ experiential learning. Environmental education is an interdisciplinary form of education comprising different kinds of professional knowledge such as biology, science, ethics, and society. It was planned as a social issue integrated instruction in Taiwan’s Grade 1-9 Curriculum.

    The experiential learning theory has become increasingly important in education because people have started to pay attention to learning-by-doing and the student-centered teaching method. Board games are one of the game-based learning tools that can be used in education to introduce an issue or knowledge for the beginning learner and can provide an experience related to the real world. It is a useful teaching tool for teachers in elementary school environmental education because the class is limited by space, time, and money and cannot provide a real natural environment for students to have an environmental experience.

    In this research, the author uses a literature review and in-depth interviews to understand the current environmental education and how experiential learning is practiced in environmental education in Taiwan. The results of this research will be applied to a design board game as a teaching tool. The educators in environmental education are invited as co-creators in designing the board game process.

    摘要 I Abstract II 致謝 III Content IV Content of Tables VII Content of Figures VIII Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Research Background 1 1.2. Research Motivation 2 1.2.1. Academic motivation 2 1.2.2. Personal Motivation 3 1.3. Research Objective 4 1.4. Research Question 4 1.5. Research Flow 5 Chapter 2. Literature Review 7 2.1. Environmental Education 7 2.1.1. History of Environmental Education 8 2.1.2. Responsible Environmental Behavior Model 9 2.1.3. Environmental Education in Taiwan 11 2.2. Board Game 12 2.2.1. Categories of Board Game 14 2.2.2. Broad Game in Education 15 2.2.3. Educational Broad Game in Taiwan 16 2.2.4. Environmental Educational Broad Game 17 2.3. Cognitive Theory 17 2.3.1. Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory 18 2.3.2. Vygotsky’s Theory 19 2.3.3. Scaffolding Theory 19 2.4. Experiential Learning Theory 21 2.4.1. The Cone of Experience 21 2.4.2. David Kolb's Experiential Learning Model 22 2.5. Game-based Learning 24 2.5.1. Advantage and Disadvantage of Game-based Learning 24 2.5.2. Digital Games 25 2.5.3. Gamification 26 2.5.4. Educational Board Game 27 Chapter 3. Research Design 31 3.1. Research Framework 33 3.2. Methodology 34 3.2.1. Literature Review 35 3.2.2. In-depth Interview 35 3.2.3. Focus Group 36 3.3. Data Source 36 3.4. In-depth Interview Structure 37 3.4.1 Interview in define phase 37 3.4.2 Interview in Test Phase 38 3.5. Focus Group Structure 39 3.6. Research Plan 41 Chapter 4. Result 44 4.1. Data Resources in the Different Research Phases 44 4.1.1. In-depth Interview in the Empathy and Define Phase 44 4.1.2. Designing in the Ideation Phase 45 4.1.3. Think Aloud and Focus Group in Test Phase 47 4.2. Design thinking process 49 4.2.1. Empathy 49 4.2.2. Define 50 4.2.3. Ideation 52 4.2.4. Prototype and Test 57 4.3. The Current Environmental Education in Taiwan Elementary School 59 4.4. The Experiential & Game-based Learning in Environmental Education 62 4.5. The Board Game Applying in Environmental Education 66 4.5.1. The Result of boardgame Testing 69 4.5.2. The Board Game Designing 71 4.5.3. The board game mechanism 73 Chapter 5. Discussion 78 5.1. Research Discussion 78 5.1.1. Design Thinking in Board Game Designing 78 5.1.2. Creative Experience Learning of the Board Game 80 5.1.3. The Experience of Environmental Education 82 5.1.4. Board Game Modification in Future 84 5.2. Research Limitation 85 5.3. Recommendation for Future Study 85 Chapter 6. Conclusion 88 Reference 90 Appendix A: Mechanism of Board Game 94 Appendix B: Interview transcript – Elementary School Teacher 96 Appendix C: Interview transcript – Chukou Nature Center 101 Appendix D: Interview transcript – Dongyanshan Nature Center 111 Appendix E: The Board Game Manual 121 Appendix F: Data/Code from Recoding Video of Test 130 Appendix G: Press Release about Third Prototype Test 133

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