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研究生：	謝長倭 Hsieh, Chang-Wei
論文名稱：	自主神經功能研究用脈搏波形諧波分析系統之設計 Design of the Harmonic Analysis System of Arterial Pulsation Waveform for Function Study of Autonomic Nervous System
指導教授：	楊明興 Young, M.S. 毛齊武 Mao, Chi-Wu
學位類別：	博士 Doctor
系所名稱：	電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系 Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年：	2003
畢業學年度：	91
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	93
中文關鍵詞：	副交感神經阻斷、呼吸導致之竇性心率不整、心跳變異、自主神經系統、脈搏諧波
外文關鍵詞：	ANS, parasympathetic blocked, RSA, Pulsation harmonic, HRV
相關次數：	點閱：100 下載：5
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在本論文中提出，一種可以對於交感與副交感神經活動變化靈敏的脈搏頻譜分析的新方法。
首先，利用此方法探討呼吸與血壓脈搏的關係。臨床實驗證實，緩慢且規律的呼吸會影響心跳變異率，這就是所謂的呼吸導致的心率不整(RSA)現象。我們發現了，動脈脈搏諧波也出現與心跳變異率有同調性變化的趨勢。這表示整個心血管系統在呼吸時會做了快速的適應，而在不同的呼吸速率下，身體的血液能量分佈也隨之改變。
第二部分的研究，就是取得副交感神經受阻斷的情況下的脈搏諧波分析數據並與，廣為醫師臨床診斷與實驗室研究時，所使用的心跳變異率的頻譜分析方法相比較。我們所使用的脈搏諧波分析方法，提供了一個直接與快速的方式，來觀察副交感神經對身體血管收縮的控制。如結果所示，在副交感神經受阻斷時，脈搏高頻諧波成分減少了；而低頻部分的能量卻增加了。從線性回歸分析中，也發現了脈搏諧波分析與阿脫品劑量展現了更高的相關性。我們可預期使用脈搏諧波分析，對於在非侵入式評定自主神經功能，將是更加方便與值得信賴的方法。

In this thesis, we propose a new method for analyzing pulsation frequency, which is sensitive to the change in sympathetic and parasympathetic functions.
First, we investigate the relationship between the respiration and blood pulse. The clinical experiments have shown that a slow and regular respiration has a great effect upon the HRV. Such phenomenon is called respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA). We find that the fluctuations of harmonics of arterial pulse are also consistent with the fluctuation of HRV. This means that the whole cardiovascular system (CVS) makes a quick adaptation during respiration, and the harmonic proportions of arterial pulse are modified during different breath rates.
In the second part of our study, the pulse pressure data is obtained under control condition and in parasympathetic blocked by atropine. Compared with the spectral method of heart rate variability (HRV), which is wide-spreading in laboratory studies and clinical diagnosis nowadays, the method of pulsation spectrum provides a new and direct view to assess parasympathetic control. As can be seen from the results, the high frequency of pulsation harmonics are reduced by the parasympathetic blocked, and on the contrary, low frequency component increased. By the analysis of linear regression, the pulsation spectrum method indicates more correlations with atropine doses. We anticipate that the non-invasive assessment of short-term autonomic function will come to be performed more reliably and conveniently by using this method.

Chinese Abstract                                         Ⅰ
English Abstract                                          Ⅱ
ACKNOLEDGMENT                                        Ⅳ
CONTENTS                                             Ⅴ
LIST OF TABLES                                         Ⅷ
LIST OF FIGURES                                       Ⅸ
Chapter 1 Introduction                                           1
1.1 The Autonomic Nervous System and Blood Pressure Variability…1
1.2 Heart rate variability……………………………………………………2
1.2.1 Traditional methods for analyzing HR variability………………5
1.2.2 New methods of analyzing HR variability based on nonlinear dynamics……………………………………………………………………………6
1.2.3 The introspection of HR variability…………………………………7
1.3 Resonance Theory in Hemodynamics………………………………………9
1.4 Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia……………………………………………14
1.4.1 What is “respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA)”?…………..…14
1.4.2 The Cardiac- and Respiratory-Related Oscillations in SNA..15
1.4.3 How do the Cardiac- and Respiratory-Related Oscillations in SNA Influence the Vasculature?…………………………………………………………………16
1.5 Parasympathetic Control of Blood Vessel………………………………18
Chapter 2 Method and Procedure                                     20
2.1 Subject…………………………………………………………………………20
2.1.1 The experiment of respiration…………………………………………20
2.1.2 The experiment of Parasympathetic Control…………………………20
2.2 Procedure………………………………………………………………………20
2.2.1 The experiment procedure of respiration……………………………20
2.2.2 The experiment procedure of Parasympathetic Control……………21
2.3 Analysis Method………………………………………………………………22
2.3.1 Method of pulsation spectrum……………………………………………22
2.3.2 Spectral method of HRV……………………………………………………22
2.3.3 Coherence function…………………………………………………………23
2.3.4 Statistical analysis………………………………………………………25
Chapter 3 System Design                                             26
3.1 System Structure………………………………………………………………26
3.2 Configuration of Hardware……………………………………………………26
3.2.1 Signal reception and process system……………………………………27
3.2.2 Data acquisition card………………………………………………………27
3.2.3 Measurement instruction of ECG and BP…………………………………29
3.2.4 Control circuit of the light………………………………………………33
3.3 Software Design…………………………………………………………………34
3.3.1 Analysis program………………………………………………………………35
3.3.2 The supplementary tools control program………………………………40
Chapter 4 Result                                                     44
4.1 Respiratory Effect on The Pulse Spectrum…………………………………44
4.2 Parasympathetic Control of Blood Vessel…………………………………51
4.2.1 Pulsation spectrum of parasympathetic control………………………53
4.2.2 Spectral method of HRV……………………………………………………58
Chapter 5 Discussion                                                 61
5.1 The Respiration Effect on Pulsation Spectrum…………………………61
5.2 Parasympathetic Control………………………………………………………64
Chapter 6 Conclusion                                                66
6.1 Summary……………………………………………………………66
6.2 Contribution………………………………………………………68
References                                                          69
APPENDIX A Schematics of the control circuit diagram……………………73
APPENDIX B Photographs of the measurement system and actual experimental situation………………………………………………………………74
APPENDIX C Coherence Functions…………………………………………………75
APPENDIX D Specification of Tonometry…………………………………………81
PUBLICTIONS                                                         91
VITA                                                                93
                                    

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