本論文提出適用於具有未知輸入輸出擾動之未知連續奇異系統的一種基於觀測卡爾／曼濾波器鑑別法之線性二次類比追蹤器，以及一種基於改良型函數觀測器之等效干擾估測器。首先，利用奇異系統模型轉換演算法得到一個用於模擬連續線性奇異系統對任意輸入之時間響應之等效數學模型。其次，對一個未知奇異系統，建立一種基於離線觀測／卡爾曼濾波器鑑別法之具有狀態負回授增益和正回授增益的最佳線性二次類比追蹤器。再者，針對具有未知匹配／不匹配輸入及輸出干擾之嚴格真分正規系統的一種等效輸入干擾估測器之設計方法，將延伸到真分正規系統。最後，將新提出之適用於真分系統之改良型函數觀測器用於估測奇異系統之未知等效輸入干擾。此外，運用新提出之等效輸入干擾估測方法可排除未知擾動之維度限制。

This thesis presents an observer/Kalman filter identification (OKID) method-based linear quadratic analog tracker (LQAT) and a modified functional observer-based equivalent input disturbance (EID) estimator for unknown square/non-square singular systems with unknown input and output disturbances. To begin with, an equivalent mathematical model of the singular system for simulating the time response of continuous linear singular systems to arbitrary inputs is presented by the model conversion method. Then, for an unknown singular system, a linear quadratic analog tracker with state-feedback gain and feed-forward gain is constructed based on the off-line OKID method. Furthermore, a design methodology of the EID estimator for the strictly proper regular system with unknown matched/mismatched input and output disturbances is extended to a proper regular system. Finally, the newly presented modified functional observer for the proper systems is used to estimate the unknown EID of the singular systems. Moreover, the constraints on the dimension of unknown disturbances is eliminated by using the new EID estimation skill.

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