本研究探討了氣候報告作為能源部門脫碳驅動力的有效性，著重於氣候相關財務揭露專責小組（Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures，簡稱TCFD）框架和環境、社會與治理（Environmental, Social, and Governance，簡稱ESG）揭露的作用。本研究分析 2020 年至 2022 年間主要國際石油和天然氣公司的追蹤資料，並採用隨機效應廣義最小平方法 (GLS) 回歸，評估氣候報告實務與脫碳行動之間的關聯。研究結果顯示，較高品質的 TCFD 報告、實質且有意義的 ESG 揭露與較低的溫室氣體排放量之間存在顯著關聯。然而，將氣候目標轉化為具體行動對減少排放的效果仍然不一。本研究強調透明且全面的氣候風險報告在提升企業問責和推動能源部門有意義地脫碳努力中扮演的重要角色。

This study investigates the effectiveness of climate reporting as a driver of decarbonization in the energy sector, focusing on the role of Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) frameworks and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosures. Analyzing panel data from major international oil and gas companies from 2020 to 2022, it employs Random-effects Generalized Least Squares (GLS) regression to assess the relationship between climate reporting practices and decarbonization actions. The findings reveal a significant association between higher quality TCFD reporting and substantial ESG disclosures with lower GHG emissions. However, the translation of climate targets into action shows mixed effects on emissions outcomes. This study underscores the crucial role of transparent and comprehensive climate risk reporting in promoting corporate accountability and driving meaningful decarbonization efforts within the energy sector.

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