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| 研究生： |
曾仲寧 Tseng, Chung-Ning |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱： |
整合性海岸管理應用在海水淡化廠環境影響評估之研究 The Environmental Impact Assessment of Seawater Desalination Plants under the Concept of Integrated Coastal Zone Management |
| 指導教授： |
劉大綱
Liu, Ta-Kang |
| 學位類別： |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱： |
工學院 - 海洋科技與事務研究所 Institute of Ocean Technology and Marine Affairs |
| 論文出版年： | 2010 |
| 畢業學年度： | 98 |
| 語文別： | 中文 |
| 論文頁數： | 169 |
| 中文關鍵詞： | 整合性海岸管理 、海水淡化 、環境影響評估 |
| 外文關鍵詞： | Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM), Seawater Desalination, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) |
| 相關次數： | 點閱：144 下載：9 |
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隨著全世界用水需求快速增加，傳統水源開發成本與困難度逐年增加，各國紛紛開始尋找新興水源，因此海水淡化之發展與利用便成為全球趨勢。然而海水淡化廠的開發興建到營運必然會對環境造成衝擊，破壞海洋生態環境。海岸地區的資源及環境，有其特殊的脆弱性和敏感性，一旦被破壞便很難恢復，因此海岸開發必須特別慎重，其環境影響評估作業更格外重要。海岸管理的範疇錯縱複雜，涉及社會、法政、經濟、生態自然環境、工程技術等多層面，故海水淡化的環境影響評估是多面向、跨領域、跨疆界的綜合課題。
本研究以文獻分析法為主，蒐集國內外海水淡化廠之環境影響評估案例與整合性海岸管理等相關研究，藉由分析各國家對海水淡化之環境影響評估做法，針對我國海水淡化廠之環境影響評估現況，以整合性海岸管理的角度來做比較研究。研究中並輔以整合性評估工具以彙整出我國海水淡化廠環境影響評估的指標系統架構，並以規劃中之新竹海水淡化廠為例，探討在整合性海岸管理概念下，海水淡化廠環境影響評估的架構。本研究不同於現行環境影響評估多著重於直接環境衝擊，而以整合性海岸管理之概念建構海水淡化廠環境影響指標集系統，由環境、經濟、社會三大面向探討直接及間接造成之環境影響、區域污染總量管制等環境面向，及水資源、能源、漁業、交通、觀光等經濟面向，和文化景觀、社會接受度、土地利用等社會面向之問題。本研究結果包括我國現行海淡廠環評之改善重點；且研究發現應針對海水淡化所需能源加以評估其能源負載和間接空氣污染排放，並以總量管制之概念對污染排放和土地利用之密度及強度，考慮環境之涵容能力，才能精確考量區域內的環境總負荷。最後以新竹海水淡化廠為例，其水資源、開發必要性、環境影響、敏感區位、能源負載、漁業、觀光、交通、文化、社會接受度等整體環境影響，建構海水淡化廠整合性環境影響評估之架構。
Over the past few decades, a tremendous increase in human populations and industrial activities has resulted in a growing demand for water resources. In order to meet the demand, it is critical to find new alternatives of water resource as the conventional water resource has almost fully exploited. Therefore, seawater desalination has become an emerging water resource. However, the seawater desalination processes are also accompanied with adverse environmental consequences. To avoid the improper development on the coastal zones, it is necessary to have an integrated assessment on the aspects of engineering, ecosystem, economics, environmental protection and sustainable development based on the characteristics of coastal area.
This study is based on literature analysis by collecting various Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) reports of the desalination plants form US, Australia, Israel, Japan, and the UNEP guidance for EIA of desalination. An indicator framework for the impact of seawater desalination plant was thus developed by applying the concept of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) with the tool of Integrated Assessment (IA). Unlike the current EIA focusing on the direct impacts, the indicator framework includes direct and indirect impacts from three aspects, i.e., environment, economics, and society, that cover 14 criteria and 43 indicators. The results of this study include recommendations for the improvement of the existing EIA of seawater desalination plants under on the concept of ICZM. In the case study of Hsinchu seawater desalination plant, it was found that the development of the plant can cause drastic increase of power use and indirect emission of air pollutants that will not be well addressed under current EIA regime.
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校內：2013-09-13公開校外：2013-09-13公開