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研究生： 張皓博
Zhang, Hao-Bo
論文名稱： 電網成形換流器併網與離網操作策略研究
Study on Operation Strategies for Grid-Forming Inverters in On-Grid and Off-Grid Modes
指導教授： 張簡樂仁
Chang-Chien, Le-Ren
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年： 2024
畢業學年度： 112
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 98
中文關鍵詞： 電網成形換流器 、電網追隨換流器 、低電壓穿越 、微電網
外文關鍵詞： Grid-Forming Inverter, Grid-Following Inverter, Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT), Microgrid
相關次數： 點閱：103  下載：16 
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    • 隨著分散式能源日益增加，微電網成為一個熱門的研究課題。與傳統的集中式發電相比，微電網中的控制和電力潮流展現出顯著的差異。本論文探討了各種情境，以比較微電網中電網成形換流器和電網追隨換流器的功能。使用DIgSILENT PowerFactory為模擬平台，並結合了DIgSILENT模擬語言（DSL）開發的分散式能源動態模型。
    在併網模式下，本文討論了兩種完成低電壓穿越的控制方法。針對電網成形換流器在低電壓穿越（LVRT）下遇到的控制問題，提出了相應的解決方法。離網模式下，發現傳統垂降控制在不平衡負載分配和震盪方面的挑戰。本文提出了一種改進的控制回路來解決這些問題。

    With the increasing adoption of distributed energy resources, microgrids have emerged as a popular research topic. In contrast to traditional centralized power systems, the control and power flow within microgrids exhibit significant differences. This thesis explores various operational scenarios to compare the performance of grid-forming and gridfollowing inverters in microgrids. The analysis utilizes the DIgSILENT PowerFactory simulation platform, incorporating dynamic models of distributed energy resources developed using DIgSILENT Simulation Language (DSL). In grid connected mode, the impact of two different control methods on a three-phase short circuit is examined. Recommendations are provided for addressing control issues encountered during low voltage ride-through (LVRT) conditions with grid-forming inverters. In off-grid mode, challenges with traditional droop control for unbalanced load sharing and oscillations are identified. A modified control loop is proposed as a solution to these issues.

    摘要 III Abstract IV 目錄 XX 圖目錄 XXIII 表目錄 XXVII 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 背景與動機 1 1.2 目的與方法 3 1.3 文獻回顧 3 1.4 論文章節概要 4 第二章 分散式控制架構介紹 6 2.1 前言 6 2.2 VF控制 6 2.2.1 VF控制架構 7 2.2.2 克拉克()轉換與派克(dq)轉換 8 2.3 PQ控制 11 2.3.1 PQ控制架構 12 2.3.2 鎖相回路[25] 13 2.3.3 瞬時功率計算 15 2.4 垂降控制 16 2.4.1 電網阻抗與垂降控制推導[24] 17 2.4.2 電網追隨垂降控制與電網成形垂降控制 20 第三章 軟體模型建構 23 3.1 軟體介紹 23 3.1.1 DIgSILENT Simulation Language (DSL) 23 3.2 電網追隨與電網成形控制建構 26 3.2.1 垂降型電網成形換流器[27, 29] 26 3.2.2 垂降型電網追隨換流器 31 3.3 孤島偵測建構 33 3.3.1 孤島偵測判斷邏輯 34 3.3.2 孤島偵測測試 35 第四章 併網與離網案例模擬 37 4.1 併網降頻運轉 37 4.1.1 手動改動中心電壓與頻率 38 4.1.2 鎖相回路改變中心電壓與頻率 39 4.1.3 小結 41 4.2 併網運轉到孤島運轉 41 4.2.1 相同控制架構併離網 42 4.2.2 控制架構切換 42 4.2.3 小結 45 4.3 孤島運轉下變動負載 46 4.3.1 主源與從源不同控制架構 46 4.3.2 主源與從源相同控制架構 49 4.3.3 單電壓控制環複數電流控制環 50 4.3.4 小結 52 第五章 低電壓穿越模擬(LVRT) 53 5.1 再生能源發電系統併聯技術要點 53 5.2 以電網成形控制實現LVRT 53 5.2.1 形成微電網 59 5.3 以電網追隨控制實現LVRT 61 5.4 小結 63 第六章 結論與未來展望 64 6.1 結論 64 6.2 未來展望 65 參考文獻 67

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