本文主要是以賓漢模式來分析黏性土石流體的流變特性，藉由實驗的方法以及資料的分析，解析賓漢屈服應力及黏滯係數的影響因子，並以工程應用的觀點，建立土石流細泥漿體之流變參數評估方法，以及含礫石漿體流變參數之評估方法。
對土石流體細泥漿體而言，本文分析了31組不同泥砂粗成漿體之實驗結果，探討含砂濃度及泥砂粒徑分布對賓漢屈服應力及黏滯係數之影響，分析結果顯示，屈服應力隨含砂濃度的增加而呈指數型態的增加，即 。對不同的泥砂樣體而言，其增加的趨勢並不隨泥砂組成不同而變動，維持在一定值， ；但係數項 則與細泥成分有關，其對粒徑小於0.02mm的泥砂含量較為敏感，該粒徑以下之含量愈多，係數 即愈大；同樣地，對賓漢黏滯係數而言，其亦隨含砂濃度的增加而呈指數型態的增加，且其指數項亦在小範圍內變動可視為定值，但對其係數項較為敏感的參數即為粒徑小於0.01mm的泥砂含量，當小於0.01mm的泥砂含量愈大，其黏滯係數就愈大，本文即利用含砂濃度及粒徑成分因子，建立了細泥漿體的流變特性評估方法。
對含粗顆粒的漿體而言，本文藉由實驗的方法分析漿體中的粗顆粒含量，與粒徑對其流變特性的影響，實驗過程中以球形玻璃珠作為粗顆粒，其有四組粒徑分別為5、10、16、24mm，調配濃度由7%至20%之間，實驗的結果顯示，含粗顆粒的漿體較低的剪切率下(12 )仍可以賓漢流變模式來描述。當粗顆粒濃度小於15%以下時，其流型曲線與細泥漿體之流型曲線不易區隔，但其超過15%以後，屈服應力隨含砂粗顆粒含量的增加而增加，但是其增幅不若等量細泥含量增加來的大，且其粗顆粒粒徑愈小增加愈快。就黏滯係數而言，其隨粗顆粒含量的增加而增加，但增加的幅度並不若屈服應力來的大，此外，粒徑所產生之影響也不明顯，此為本文實驗條件下所得之結果，若其超越本文的實驗條件亦可能產生不同的變化。由上述之分析可知，含粗顆粒的漿體流變參數，並不宜以純細泥漿體的流變參數來使用，其將使得流變參數值發生高估的現象，如此將造成應用上的困擾。
本文綜合細泥漿體及含礫石漿體之流變特性分析，以細泥漿體的流變參數評估方法為基礎，發展出含礫石黏性土石流體流變參數的評估方法，此評估方法為先將現地土石流的土砂進行粒徑分析，篩出小於1mm以下的泥砂，將土砂分為粗、細二組，再求得細泥漿體中小於0.02mm及0.01mm泥砂的含量，再配合含砂濃度即可推估細泥漿體之流變參數。同時分析粗顆粒土砂所佔的總含砂量的百分比，即可推估完整的黏性土石流體流變參數值，此一評估方法將可供工程應用評估之參考。

Effects of sediment composition on the rheological parameters of viscous debris-flow slurries are investigated in this study, basing on the experimental data obtained by previous researchers and from the present study. The Bingham model is used to describe the rheological properties of viscous debris-flow slurries, which contains two rheological parameters: the Bingham viscosity ( ) and Bingham yield stress ( ). The method for estimating the rheological parameters were proposed.
As regards the rheological parameters of mud-slurry, there are 31 sets experimental data measured by different researchers were collected and analyzed to investigate the relations of rheological parameters and sediment concentration as well as sediment composition. The results demonstrate that Bingham yield stress exponentially increases with the increase of sediment concentration, and its relation can be written as . The coefficient in the power, varies in a quite narrow range around 0.2 for different slurry samplies, and seems can be treated as a constant, i.e. 0.2. But the coefficient significantly varies with the content of fine sediments, particularly for the size less then 0.02mm. For the sample having higher content of fine sediment has larger value of coefficient . The Bingham viscosity for mud-slurry can be also presented as an exponential function, . Similarly, the power coefficient can be treated as a constant, but the coefficient strongly depends on the content of fine sediments, especially for the size less then 0.01mm. This paper developed the relations between rheological parameters and sediment composition as well as sediment concentration. Once the sediment concentration and the sediment composition in a mud slurry are given, one can estimate the two rheological parameters of the mud slurry from the relations.

The effects of gravels on the rheological parameters of gravel-mud-slurries were also studied through a series of laboratory experiments. The gravels used in this study for each experiment have diameters of 5, 10, 16, and 24 mm, respectively, and the content of gravels in the experiments of gravel-mud slurries varied from 7% to 20%. The experimental results show that the rheological properties of gravel-mud mixtures could be described by the Bingham Model for the shear rate less than 12 . At the same total sediment concentration, the gravel-mud slurry has larger content of fine sediments has higher values of Bingham yield stress, but the Bingham viscosity seems has less sensitive to the gravel diameters. For estimate the Bingham yield stress of a gravel-mud slurry, we should not only consider the total sediment concentration in the slurry but also consider the sediment composition.
This paper has analyzed the rheological behaviors of mud-slurry and gravel-mud mixture, furthermore synthesized both of the results to develop a method that can be used to evaluate the rheological parameter of viscous debris flow in field. The first step is to sieve out the sediments that diameter less than 1mm from the debris flow, then divide the sediments into two sets, coarse and fine. Second, we should measure the content of sediment that diameters are less than 0.01mm and 0.02mm in the mud-slurry, and sediment concentration of mud-slurry. Once we ensure the three parameters above, the Bingham yield stress and Bingham viscosity will be determined. The final step is to analyze the ratio of coarse sediments to the total sediment by weight, and then the rheological parameters of viscous debris flow could be estimated. This method can help the engineers to estimate the rheological parameters in relative practical applications.

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