| 研究生: |
張簡鳳蓮 ChangChien, Feng-Lien |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
結合模糊理論於濁水溪流域逕流預報模式之研究 A Study on Runoff Forecasting Model Incorporating Fuzzy Theory in Chou-Shui Creek |
| 指導教授: |
游保杉
Yu, Pao-Shan |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 水利及海洋工程學系 Department of Hydraulic & Ocean Engineering |
| 論文出版年: | 2002 |
| 畢業學年度: | 90 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 100 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 逕流預報 、誤差修正模式 、模糊理論 、灰色模式 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | Fuzzy Set Theory, error correction, flood forecasting, Grey Model |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:120 下載:15 |
| 分享至: |
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台灣洪水災害發生頻仍,近年來非工程防洪方法在洪災防範上愈凸顯其重要性,尤其即時逕流預報近年來受到相當關注。本文應用灰色系統理論,建立降雨–逕流即時預報模式,以濁水溪流域的桶頭、青雲及內茅埔三個集水區做為研究對象,各集水區經由五場事件驗證的結果顯示,模式在一至二小時的預報有良好之預報效能,但在預報三至四小時的流量則有洪峰誤差及時間延遲的現象。
在逕流預報上常因降雨–逕流模式之誤差及不確定性等因素,使得模式無法精確的預測逕流量,此時模式即時更新(updating)方法的建立就顯得相對重要。本文結合先前研究成果,針對灰色降雨–逕流模式之預報流量誤差值,首先利用灰色模式來建立即時誤差修正模式,進行逕流之更新預報,然其結果雖改善時間延遲之現象,但在洪峰卻有過度修正的現象;因此本研究再引用模糊理論,建立模糊誤差修正模式來預測流量誤差,驗證結果證實所提出之模糊誤差修正模式應用在流量更新預報上之合理性與實用性。
本文最後再結合灰色雨量預報模式、灰色降雨–逕流模式及模糊誤差修正模式應用於三個子集水區之即時逕流預報,預報結果顯示在預報一至三小時之逕流量有合理的結果。
Flood disaster is one of natural hazards in Taiwan. Recently, non-structural methods have been recognized as important alternative methods for flood mitigation. Real-time flood forecasting is one of such methods and may include rainfall forecasting, runoff forecasting and river routing. Only real-time runoff forecasting is studied in this work.
The runoff forecasting model is developed on the basis of Grey System Theory. Validation from historical events in Chou-Shui Creek basin concludes that the proposed runoff forecasting model has good performance on 1 and 2 hours ahead forecasting. However, the accuracy of model performance will be reduced when lead time is increased. An apparent time lag and error in peak discharge exist in the runoff forecasting hydrographs.
Therefore, the study further proposes an error prediction model to update the output of the runoff forecasting model. The grey error prediction model and the fuzzy error prediction model are applied based on the Grey System Theory and Fuzzy Set Theory, respectively. Comparing these two error prediction models, it is shown that the fuzzy error prediction model is more robust and efficient than the grey error prediction model.
The study finally combines the Grey Rainfall-runoff Model with a rainfall forecasting model and the fuzzy error prediction model for real-time runoff forecasting on three subbasins in Chou-Shui Creek. It is found that the proposed model has reasonable performance for one to three hours ahead runoff forecasting.
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