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研究生：	吳志華 Ng, Chi-Wa
論文名稱：	實驗室和廠拌再生瀝青混凝土之工程性質與初期績效 Engineering Properties and Preliminary Performance of Laboratory-Mixed and Plant-Produced Recycled Asphalt Concrete (RAC)
指導教授：	陳建旭 Chen, Jian-Shiuh
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 土木工程學系 Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年：	2015
畢業學年度：	103
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	166
中文關鍵詞：	回收瀝青混凝土、再生劑、擴散、初期績效
外文關鍵詞：	Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP), Rejuvenators, Diffusion, Preliminary Performance
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回收瀝青混凝土(RAP)可再次利用，具有永績發展的潛在效果。本研究使用RAP之回收瀝青60℃黏度約為140,000 Poise，新鮮瀝青為Pen 60/70，軟化劑為Pen 85/100，二種再生劑，分別為RA75_S和RA75_C，且選擇新鮮瀝青Pen 60/70之密級配瀝青混凝土作為對照組。目標黏度設為2000 Poise，進行添加軟化劑和再生劑之再生瀝青混凝土（RAC）配合設計，然後於拌和廠進行現地生產及現地鋪築。透過進行穩定值、流度值、間接張力、回彈模數試驗、殘餘強度試驗與萃取回收RAC之瀝青進行黏度試驗等試驗，評估添加不同種類還原劑對RAC之影響，探討RAC之現地績效。本研究試驗結果顯示添加還原劑降低老化瀝青黏度，RAC工程性質結果均符合規範要求，且顯示RAP的硬化效果仍在。添加40%RAP之RAC相對添加10%RAP之RAC明顯存在加勁效果，兩種再生劑之RAC工程性質之間沒有明顯差異，但實驗室和廠拌再生瀝青混凝土之工程性質存有差異；初期RAC鋪面成效良好，添加再生劑（RA75_S 與RA75_C）於40%RAP之RAC在初期鋪面績效符合需求。上述成果只限於本研究所使用材料和施作方式。對於不同老化程度之回收料和其他等級或產製之再生劑，建議需進行實驗室和現地績效評估後，方可考量正式鋪築。

Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) can be reuse, it has economic value and reduce waste of resources. In this study, using recycled asphalt concrete (RAC) mixing field as a research material and recycled asphalt viscosity is about 140,000 poise of 60℃, Using Pen 60/70 as virgin bitumen, Pen 85/100 as softening agent and two kind of grade RA75 of rejuvenating agent as rejuvenator. Selecting dense graded asphalt concrete as control group and the target viscosity is set to 2,000 Poise, after that, design the RAC mix with rejuvenator, produce at asphalt plant and paving. In this study, carry on stable value, flow value, indirect tension, resilient modulus test, residual strength test and extraction the bitumen of RAC carry on viscosity test to evaluate the impact of different types of rejuvenators added to the RAC and field performance. Test results show adding rejuvenators can reduce viscosity of aged bitumen, all of engineering properties of RAC satisfy specification requirement and RAP still obviously has hardening effect. Engineering properties of RAC are not obviously different between rejuvenating agents, but those are obviously different between laboratory-mixed and plant-produced; two kind of adding 40% RAP of RAC satisfy preliminary performance requirement. The above-mentioned results is limited to material and operate mode was used in this study. For difference aged level of RAP and other grade of rejuvenating agent, suggest that carry on experiment and evaluate the field performance before paving.

目錄
摘要……………………………………………………………………..……..i
Abstract………………………………………………………………..……..ii
誌謝……………………………………………………………..……………vi
目錄……………………………………………………………..…………...vii
表目錄………………………………………………………………………xiii
圖目錄……………………………………………………………..………..xv
第一章	 緒論
1.1 前言……………………………………………………………1-1
1.2 研究動機………………………………………………………1-4
1.3 研究目的………………………………………………………1-4
1.4 研究範圍………………………………………………………1-5
第二章	 文獻回顧
2.1熱拌再生瀝青混凝土…………………………………………2-1
2.2回收瀝青混凝土粒料…………………………………………2-1
	2.2.1 瀝青混凝土回收料的黏結料性質………..………….2-1
2.2.2 瀝青混凝土回收料的粒料性質………..……………..2-2
2.2.3 瀝青混凝土回收料的變異性....................................2-3
2.2.4瀝青混凝土回收料的工程性質.................................2-4
2.3 還原劑...............................................................................2-4
2.3.1 再生劑規範.............................................................2-6
2.3.2 添加再生劑之影響.... .............................................2-8
2.4 再生瀝青混凝土之配合設計..............................................2-9
2.4.1 決定還原劑之添加量.............................................2-11
2.4.2 決定瀝青混凝土回收料之體積比重.......................2-14
2.5 再生瀝青混凝土的擴散過程............................................2-15
2.5.1 再生瀝青混凝土之擴散理論..................................2-15
2.5.2 瀝青混凝土回收料的黑石頭行為...........................2-16
2.6 再生瀝青混凝土的績效....................................................2-18
2.6.1 再生瀝青混凝土的抗車轍性能..............................2-18
2.6.2 再生瀝青混凝土的抗水侵害性能...........................2-19
2.7 國內再生瀝青鋪面成效....................................................2-20
2.8 再生瀝青混凝土的經濟效益.............................................2-21
第三章	 研究計畫
3.1 研究方法...........................................................................3-1
3.2 實驗材料...........................................................................3-3
	3.2.1 瀝青混凝土回收材料(RAP)來源..............................3-3
3.2.2 新鮮瀝青和還原劑..................................................3-4
      3.3 回收瀝青萃取試驗.............................................................3-5
      3.4 瀝青膠泥黏度試驗.............................................................3-6
      3.5再生瀝青混凝土配合設計流程............................................3-6
3.5.1 粒料級配與近似瀝青含油量決定(AI MS-2)………..3-6
3.5.2 還原劑添加量.........................................................3-9
3.5.3 再生瀝青混凝土體積比重.....................................3-13
3.5.4 再生瀝青混凝土(RAC)馬歇爾試體製作程序.........3-14
      3.6 試驗路段與瀝青混凝土拌和廠.........................................3-15
      3.7 瀝青混凝土拌和廠之生產流程.........................................3-19
3.7.1 新鮮瀝青混凝土產製………..................................3-19
3.7.2 再生瀝青混凝土產製…………..............................3-20
      3.8 再生瀝青混凝土工程性質................................................3-22
3.8.1 穩定值、流度值試驗………..................................3-22
3.8.2 回彈模數試驗……….............................................3-23
3.8.3 間接張力試驗……….............................................3-25
3.8.4 滯留強度指數試驗………......................................3-26
3.8.5 再生劑擴散試驗……….........................................3-27
      3.9 交通量和交通荷重分析方法............................................3-28
      3.10 現地檢測量測方法.........................................................3-31
3.10.1 耐久性評估—車轍量試驗……...…......................3-31
3.10.2 耐久性評估—平坦度試驗……...…......................3-32
3.10.3 耐久性評估—Clegg衝擊試驗…….....................3-33
3.10.4 安全性評估—摩擦試驗……................................3-34
3.10.5 鋪面狀況指標(PCI)計算……...............................3-35
第四章	 試驗結果與討論
4.1 再生瀝青混凝土（RAC）之配比設計................................4-1
4.1.1 回收料（RAP）物性試驗……................................4-1
4.1.2 新鮮材料物性試驗……...........................................4-3
4.1.3 RAP容許之最大用量…...........................................4-6
4.1.4 決定還原劑用量……...............................................4-8
4.1.5 再生瀝青混凝土之級配曲線…..............................4-11
4.1.6 配比設計結果…....................................................4-13
4.2 實驗室混合料之工程性質結果.........................................4-17
4.2.1 馬歇爾穩定值…....................................................4-17
4.2.2 馬歇爾流度值…....................................................4-19
4.2.3 間接張力(ITS)…...................................................4-20
4.2.4 滯留強度指數(TSR)…..........................................4-22
4.2.5 回彈模數值(MR)…................................................4-23
4.2.6 實驗室RAC黏結料之物理性質............................4-24
4.2.7再生劑擴散試驗.....................................................4-26
4.3 廠拌混合料之工程性質....................................................4-27
4.3.1 試拌和試鋪結果....................................................4-27
4.3.2 再生劑用量...........................................................4-29
4.3.3 拌和溫度的比較....................................................4-32
4.3.4 隨時間變化之工程性質.........................................4-35
4.3.5 再生劑於再生瀝青混凝土之擴散...........................4-40
4.4 實驗室與現地試體比較....................................................4-42
4.4.1 回收瀝青黏度........................................................4-42
4.4.2 混合料..................................................................4-44
4.4.3 再生瀝青混凝土鋪面可能情形..............................4-48
4.5 初期現地續效..................................................................4-50
4.5.1 試驗道路施工後現況.............................................4-50
4.5.2 試驗道路之交通流量和荷重..................................4-52
4.5.3 各路段現地檢測試驗結果..................... ................4-53
4.6 再生瀝青混凝土經濟效益分析..................... ...................4-57
 
第五章	 結論與建議
5.1 結論..................... ............................................................5-1
5.2 建議..................... ............................................................5-2
參考文獻..................... .....................................................................參-1
附錄..................... ............................................................................附-1
附錄A-1..................... ................................................................附-1
附錄A-2..................... ................................................................附-2
附錄A-3..................... ................................................................附-3
附錄A-4..................... ................................................................附-5
附錄B…..................... ................................................................附-7
附錄C…..................... ..............................................................附-15
附錄D…..................... ..............................................................附-16

 
表目錄
表2.3.1	CNS 15359與ASTM D4552/D4552M-10再生劑規範....2-6
表2.3.2	日本再生劑規範…………………………………………......2-7
表2.3.3	AASHTO R14-88(2003)再生劑規範…………………........2-7
表2.4.1	預測油品混合後黏度之公式…………………………........2-13
表3.5.1	AI MS-2參數計算法…………………………………..........3-7
表3.6.1 	試驗路段之工作日期………………………………...........3-17
表3.9.1	縣道170線每日交通量……………………………...........3-28
表3.9.2 	單軸載重當量數之計算參數………………………...........3-30
表4.1.1	回收料及老化瀝青之物性試驗…………………….............4-2
表4.1.2	回收料洗油後之篩分析級配……………………….............4-2
表4.1.3	新鮮粒料的相關試驗結果………………………….............4-4
表4.1.4	Pen 60/70與Pen 85/100的相關試驗結果…………........4-5
表4.1.5	RA75_C與RA75_S的相關試驗結果…………................4-5
表4.1.6	還原劑於不同溫度之黏度…………...................................4-6
表4.1.7	RAP最大的使用量…………............................................4-7
表4.1.8	RA75_S再生劑用量計算…………...................................4-9
表4.1.9	配比設計之瀝青（對混合料）用量….............................4-16
表4.3.1	試鋪階段之各項試驗結果…............................................4-28
表4.6.1	新鮮與再生瀝青混凝土之材料成本分析..........................4-58
表4.6.2	添加15%RAP和25%RAP之材料成本分析..................4-60
表4.6.3	RAC材料費估算............................................................4-60

 
圖目錄
圖2.4.1	再生瀝青混凝土配合設計流程………..……………………2-9
圖2.4.2	瀝青黏度混合圖…………………………………..………..2-11
圖2.4.3	回收黏結料黏度與再生劑黏度關係圖…………….....…...2-12
圖2.5.1	再生劑的擴散時間……………………………..…………..2-16
圖2.5.2	回收瀝青與新鮮瀝青關係示意圖……………..…………..2-17
圖3.1.1	研究流程圖…………………………………..…………..…..3-2
圖3.2.1	本研究使用之RAP儲存場所……………..…………..……3-3
圖3.2.2	兩種再生劑…………………………………..…………..…..3-4
圖3.5.1	再生瀝青混凝土拌和過程…………………..…………..…..3-8
圖3.5.3	AI MS-2還原劑與回收黏結料之混拌圖…..……………..3-10
圖3.6.1	縣170線試驗路段…..………...…………………………..3-16
圖3.6.2	試驗路段之鋪面結構圖……………………..……………..3-16
圖3.6.3	再生瀝青混凝土拌和廠配置圖……………..……………..3-18
圖3.6.4	再生劑儲油設備……………..……………………………..3-18
圖3.7.1	新鮮瀝青混凝土之拌和流程..……………………………..3-19
圖3.7.2	再生瀝青混凝土之二次拌和..……………………………..3-21
圖3.7.3	現地試拌與試鋪..…………………………………………..3-21
圖3.8.1	再生劑擴散試驗之試樣……………..……………………..3-27
圖3.9.1	當地大客貨車的類型……………..………………………..3-29
圖3.9.2	當地半聯結車的類型……………..………………………..3-29
圖3.10.1	車轍量試驗………………………..………………………..3-31
圖3.10.2	IRI平坦度試驗……………………………………………..3-32
圖3.10.3	Clegg衝擊試驗…………………..………………………..3-33
圖3.10.4	BPN摩擦試驗…………………….………………………..3-34
圖4.1.1	RA75_S (40%RAP) 瀝青混拌圖………………………...4-10
圖4.1.2	新鮮瀝青混凝土之級配曲線（0%RAP）………………..4-11
圖4.1.3	添加軟化劑之再生瀝青混凝土級配曲線（10%RAP）…4-12
圖4.1.4	添加再生劑之再生瀝青混凝土級配曲線（40%RAP）…4-12
圖4.1.5	決定Pen 60/70 (0%RAP) 之最佳含油量……………….4-13
圖4.1.6	決定Pen 85/100 (10%RAP) 之最佳含油量…………….4-14
圖4.1.7	決定RA75_C (40%RAP) 之最佳含油量………….…….4-14
圖4.1.8	決定RA75_S (40%RAP) 之最佳含油量………….…….4-15
圖4.1.9	再生瀝青混凝土不同黏結料之比例分佈圖………...…….4-16
圖4.2.1	四種馬歇爾試體之穩定值………...……………………….4-18
圖4.2.2	四種馬歇爾試體之流度值………...……………………….4-19
圖4.2.3	四種馬歇爾試體之間接張力……..………………….…….4-21
圖4.2.4	四種馬歇爾試體之滯留強度指數……..…………….…….4-22
圖4.2.5	四種馬歇爾試體之回彈模數……..………………….…….4-24
圖4.2.6	RAC之回收瀝青黏度和針入度……..…………..….…….4-25
圖4.2.7	RA75_S與RA75_C之擴散深度………..……..…..…….4-26
圖4.3.1	不同再生劑添加量之穩定值………..……..…..……….….4-30
圖4.3.2	不同再生劑添加量之流度值………..……..…..……….….4-30
圖4.3.3	不同再生劑添加量之間接張力………..……....……….….4-31
圖4.3.4	不同再生劑添加量之滯留強度指數…..……....……….….4-31
圖4.3.5	不同再生劑與RAP拌和溫度之穩定值……………….….4-33
圖4.3.6	不同再生劑與RAP拌和溫度之流度值……………….….4-33
圖4.3.7	不同再生劑與RAP拌和溫度之間接張力…………….….4-34
圖4.3.8	不同再生劑與RAP拌和溫度之滯留強度指數……….….4-34
圖4.3.9	再生瀝青混凝土流度值之變化…………..…………….….4-36
圖4.3.10	再生瀝青混凝土穩定值之變化…………..…………….….4-37
圖4.3.11	再生瀝青混凝土回彈模數之變化………..…………….….4-38
圖4.3.12	再生瀝青混凝土滯留強度指數之變化………..……….….4-38
圖4.3.13	再生瀝青混凝土間接張力之變化………..…………….….4-39
圖4.3.14	再生劑於回收料之擴散過程………..………………….….4-41
圖4.4.1	回收瀝青黏度結果………..…………………………….….4-42
圖4.4.2	實驗室與廠拌試體之穩定值比較………………..…….….4-45
圖4.4.3	實驗室與廠拌試體之流度值比較………………..…….….4-45
圖4.4.4	實驗室與廠拌試體之間接張力比較……………..…….….4-46
圖4.4.5	實驗室與廠拌試體之滯留強度指數比較……………...….4-47
圖4.4.6	實驗室與廠拌試體之回彈模數比較……………..…….….4-47
圖4.4.7	四種RAC鋪築滾壓後情形……………..……………..….4-49
圖4.5.1	Pen 60/70 (0%RAP)路面……………..……...………..….4-50
圖4.5.2	Pen 85/100 (10%RAP)路面…………..……......……..….4-50
圖4.5.3	RA75_C (40%RAP)路面….…………..……......……..….4-51
圖4.5.4	RA75_S (40%RAP)路面….…………..……......……..….4-51
圖4.5.5	PCI值變化……………...….…………..……......……..….4-51
圖4.5.6	縣道170線平均每日交通流量.…………..…….……..….4-52
圖4.5.7	縣道170線平均每日EASL值.…………..…….……..….4-52
圖4.5.8	縣道170線施工前後BPN摩擦值…………..………..….4-53
圖4.5.9	縣道170線施工前後輪跡處車轍值………………..…….4-54
圖4.5.10	縣道170線施工前後IRI平坦度值………………...…….4-55
圖4.5.11	縣道170線施工前後CIV衝擊值………………...…..….4-56


                                    

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