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研究生： 潘宣宏
Pan, Hsuan-Hung
論文名稱： 小型風力發電機之混合型交-直流轉換器之研製
An Implementation of Hybrid Three-Phase AC-DC Converter for Small-Scale Wind Turbines
指導教授： 張簡樂仁
Chang-Chien, Le-Ren
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電機資訊學院 - 電機工程學系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年： 2006
畢業學年度： 94
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 108
中文關鍵詞： 交-直流轉換器 、風力發電
外文關鍵詞： AC to DC converter, Wind-power generation
相關次數： 點閱：79  下載：9 
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    • 在傳統能源日漸枯竭及倡導綠色能源的影響下，世界各國皆相繼投入大量的研究經費作再生能源的相關研究，其中以風力發電系統最具潛力，亦是我國能源開發之既定政策與發展方向。然而風力發電仍屬不穩定的能源，由於風力發電機的輸出電壓及功率隨風速變化呈現不穩定的變動，如何提升整體風機的穩定性及效率一直是重要的課題。本文提出一種新型態的交-直流轉換電路，其電路結合兩種型態的開關電路優點，除了使輸出直流電壓穩定外，進而提升風力發電功率因數及整體效率。本文採用NI公司出產的D＆Q資料擷取卡配合Matlab/Simulink模擬風速狀態，再搭配MC33262 控制IC來完成電路整體架構，並完成800W輸出的實體製作，結果顯示永磁發電機在200～700rpm之間任意變化皆能使輸出電壓維持在400V，功率因數及諧波失真均得以改善，實測結果驗證本系統的可行性。

    Due to the influence of the energy crisis and promotion of green power, many countries invest huge funds to conduct research on the renewable energy. Among the various energy source candidates, the most potential one is the wind-power generation. It is also the policy and developmental road map direction in our nation. However, the wind-power is not an unstable energy source. The output voltage and power of the wind-power generator may vary with the change of the wind speed. Therefore, promoting a stable and efficient wind-power generation has become a very important issue. The thesis shows hybrid AC to DC converter which combines the advantages of two types of switching converter scheme. The converter not only provides stable voltage output, but also improves the power factor and the whole efficiency of the system. The simulated wind-power generation platform adopts the NI company’s D&Q data acquiring card with the MATLAB/Simulink software to simulate the wind power condition. It also uses the MC33262 controlling IC to control the switching mechanism of the power module. The testing results reveal that the output voltage was well maintained at 400V level with variable generator rotating speed, ranging from 200 rpm to 700 rpm. The power factor and total harmonic distortion (THD) were all effectively improved, which have verified the feasibility of the proposed converter.

    中文摘要 .........................................I 英文摘要 .........................................II 致 謝 .........................................III 目 錄 .........................................V 表 目 錄 .........................................IX 圖 目 錄 .........................................X 符號索引 .........................................XV 第一章 緒論.........................................1 1.1 前言............................................1 1.2 永磁式發電機獨立負載系統架構....................3 1.3 內容大綱........................................3 第二章 全球能源種類與風力發電現況、原理及架構.......5 2.1 前言............................................5 2.2 全球能源種類介紹及各種能源之優劣點..............5 2.2.1 傳統能源.......................................6 2.2.2 再生能源.......................................9 2.3 風力發電之發展趨勢..............................12 2.3.1 全球風力發電產業之概況.........................12 2.3.2 台灣風力發電之回顧與現況.......................15 2.4 風力發電之系統架構..............................17 2.4.1 風力發電之原理.................................17 2.4.2 風力發電機分類.................................20 2.4.3 風力發電機機組系統及架構.......................23 2.5 永磁式同步發電機與感應發電機之介紹、運轉原理與比較...24 2.5.1 自激式感應發電機發電原理.......................24 2.5.2 永磁式同步發電機發電原理.......................28 2.5.3 自激式感應發電機與永磁同步發電機之優缺點分析...30 2.6 本章討論.......................................31 第三章 功率因數修正器之介紹.........................32 3.1 前言............................................32 3.2 功率因數的定義及修正器之功能與分類..............32 3.2.1 功率因數修正器之功能...........................32 3.2.2 功率因數之定義.................................33 3.2.3 被動式功因修正電路.............................36 3.2.4 主動式功因修正電路.............................37 3.3 主動式功率因數校正之原理與電路拓檏架構..........44 3.3.1 連續導通模式功因修正器控制方式.................45 3.3.2 非連續導通模式功因修正器控制方式...............47 3.4 功因修正器之電路架構與說明......................50 3.5 本章討論........................................53 第四章 風力發電之交-直流轉換器分析及控制............54 4.1 前言 54 4.2 三相昇壓型整流器之比較與分析....................54 4.2.1 三相二極體整流器之分析.........................54 4.2.2 單開關三相昇壓型整流器.........................55 4.2.3 三個單模組三相昇壓型整流器.....................57 4.2.4 六開關三相昇壓型整流器.........................60 4.3 混合型三相交-流功率整流器.......................61 4.4 本章討論........................................67 第五章 實體製作與實測...............................69 5.1 前言............................................69 5.2 風力渦輪機之驅動模擬............................69 5.2.1 風力機之機械功率...............................69 5.2.2 D&Q資料擷取卡..................................72 5.3 硬體電路製作....................................73 5.3.1 功率修正器電路設計.............................73 5.3.2 輸入橋式二極體.................................73 5.3.3 輸入電容.......................................73 5.3.4 輸出電容.......................................74 5.3.5 昇壓電感.......................................74 5.3.6 功率級MOSFET ...................................75 5.3.7 昇壓二極體.....................................77 5.4 實測結果........................................77 5.4.1 各轉換器輸入電流圖.............................78 5.4.2 轉換器量測之效率、功率因數、諧波失真分析......81 5.4.3 混合型轉換器之負載變動實驗.....................87 5.4.4 硬體實作照片展示...............................95 5.5 結論與分析......................................100 第六章 結論與未來研究方向...........................101 6.1 結論............................................101 6.2 建議與未來研究方向..............................101 參考文獻.............................................103 作者簡介.............................................108

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