高等植物的型態發生可以分為兩個部分，胚胎發育及發芽後發育。這兩個型態發生的過程中間有一段過渡時期，在過渡時期時細胞會停止分裂及分化。種子發育的過渡時期可分為成熟、脫水、休眠及種子吸水幾個階段。然而目前對於種子發育過程中，基因如何調控促進發育階段轉換的了解是非常有限的。因此本篇研究的目標是要去了解在胚胎發育到發芽後發育的過程中，哪些基因活性改變以調控發育階段的轉換。本篇研究將種子發育過程分為12個階段，包含了胚胎發育、過渡期及發芽後發育的時間點，並且分析12個階段中的轉錄體變化，以此了解有哪些基因參與調控種子胚胎發育的進程。分析中發現有部分在相較晚期表現功能的基因，會在較早期開始有轉錄體的表達或累積；比如脫水相關的耐旱基因在成熟期開始表達。此外，發現促進種子發芽相關的基因，如轉錄因子NAC40在成熟晚期就開始表達。據此進一步比對在阿拉伯芥中只在種子萌發時大量表達的基因，與其大豆同源基因的表現差異。經比對後發現有80%的大豆同源基因表現與阿拉伯芥不同。以此推測這些阿拉伯芥發芽相關的大豆同源基因、在大豆休眠期以前就開始表達的現象，可能是造成大豆是物理性休眠與阿拉伯芥是生理性休眠的原因之一。

The development of higher plants can be separated into embryonic development and post-germinative development. These two morphogenesis events are bridged by a period of developmental arrest, which is characterized by cessation of cell differentiation and division, and, meanwhile, several biological events proceed subsequently, including maturation, desiccation, dormancy and germination. However, little is known about gene expression patterns throughout the entire transition process from embryonic to post-germinative development. We aim to profile gene activities that promote phase transitions from differentiation through germination and post-germination. We analyzed the transcriptome from 12 soybean seed developmental stages, including embryonic development, transition (maturation, desiccation and germination) and post-germinative development. Analysis of this considerable time course enabled the identification of adjacent up-regulated genes between successive stages and stage-specific gene activities. A significant number of genes are transcribed during seed filling stages and/or desiccation stages to accumulate in dormant seeds that may be neo-transcribed upon imbibition, and another group of genes had a different gene expression pattern compared to the Arabidopsis orthologs. This difference may imply the molecular basis of different dormancy types in soybean and Arabidopsis seeds, which is hardseededness dormancy and relatively deeper physiological dormancy, respectively. We proposed a model that the phenomenon of soybean genes homologous to the Arabidopsis germination-specific genes being expressed earlier than the germination in soybean might be one of the mechanisms contributing to distinct dormancy types between soybean and Arabidopsis seeds.

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